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Vanuatu is among the most vulnerable countries on earth to the increasing impacts of climate change, including climate-related natural disasters and the effects of slow-onset events such as sea-level rise and ocean acidification.
As the effects of global warming manifest and the hazards of climate change arise at accelerating rates, there is a need to shift the paradigm towards the standardised and mainstreamed use of science-based climate information, at multiple timescales, to support resilient development pathways.
The proposed project will support this paradigm shift through the strengthening and application of Climate Information Services (CIS) in five targeted development sectors: tourism; agriculture; infrastructure; water and fisheries.
More specifically, the project will build the technical capacity in Vanuatu to harness and manage climate data; develop and deliver practical CIS tools and resources; support enhanced coordination and dissemination of tailored information; enhance CIS information and technology infrastructure; and support the application of relevant CIS through real-time development processes, for more resilient outcomes.
The project has a focus on addressing information gaps and priority needs of target beneficiaries at national, provincial and local community levels across the five priority sectors.
The project will deliver enhanced:
capacity and capability of national development agents, to understand, access and apply CIS
CIS communications, knowledge products, tools, and resources for practical application to development processes.
reliability, functionality, utility and timeliness of underlying CIS delivery systems and data collection infrastructure.
scientific data, information and knowledge of past, present and future climate to facilitate innovated and resilient development.
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GENDER EQUALITY, DISABILITY, AND SOCIAL INCLUSION (GEDSI) ACTION PLAN FOR CLIMATE INFORMATION SERVICES FOR RESILIENT DEVELOPMENT IN VANUATU (VAN KIRAP)
A Roadmap to Promoting Gender Equality, Disability and Social Inclusion in Climate Information Services in Vanuatu.
This gender equality, disability, and social inclusion (GEDSI) action plan has been developed for SPREP for the country of Vanuatu. It has been produced in addition to a GEDSI analysis for the Climate Information Services for Resilient Development in Vanuatu (Van KIRAP) project.
Following the United Nations Climate Change Gender Action Plan, this gender, disability and social inclusion action plan sets out outcomes and outputs under five priority areas that aim to advance knowledge and understanding of gender and inclusion-responsive climate action and mainstreaming.
1. Capacity building, knowledge management and communication
2. Gender balance, inclusive participation, and inclusive leadership
3. Coherence
4. Gender and inclusive-responsive implementation and means of implementation
5. Monitoring and reporting
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This published article on women and climate change in Vanuatu.The research and paper by University of Newcastle (UoN) was undertaken as part of the VanKIRAP Gender Equality, Disability and Social Inclusion (GEDSI) work funded by GCF FP035/VanKIRAP project.
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The Government of Vanuatu is committed to leading in the development and implementation of child protection systems to ensure the protection of children from abuse, exploitation, neglect and violence at national, provincial and community level in line with international and national obligations; and through building on positive customary practice.
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Persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, orsensory impairments, which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full andeffective participation in society on an equal basis with others.5 Disability may be experiencedby people of any age – children, young and older people.
Everyone is entitled to the same rights and freedoms, regardless of their disability status. This isa fundamental principle of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons withDisabilities (CRPD), which Vanuatu ratified in 2008. However, persons with disabilities oftenlack equitable access to the same opportunities enjoyed by their peers without disabilities.Barriers such as negative attitudes and stigma, an inaccessible built environment, andexclusionary policies can restrict persons with disabilities from enjoying their rights toeducation, health care, employment and other opportunities.
Disability inclusive development is both a process and an outcome. The purpose of disabilityinclusive development is to realize an inclusive society that values diversity and engages personswith disabilities as participating members of society with equal rights. The disability inclusivedevelopment approach brings the disability perspective into all elements of national andcommunity development. It assesses and strengthens institutions, policies and programs so thatthey better take into account, and positively impact on, the lives of persons with disabilities.
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Project description: [Brief description of project, key activities and outputs, how will it be implemented?]
The Community Resilience Partnership Program (CRPP) is a regional partnership program of the Asian Development Bank to support selected countries in Asia and the Pacific region, including Vanuatu to (i) scale up local adaptation solutions in alignment with national climate priorities; (ii) finance local adaptation solutions that explicitly address the climate and poverty nexus and are implemented in the context of large-scale poverty reduction programs; and (iii) work with local institutions and communities to build long-term capacity for dealing with climate shocks and stresses. By doing so, the CRPP aims to address the points of procedural and distributive justice so that the people most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change can engage in a fair process and receive a fair share of the benefits of adaptation efforts.
The CRPP comprises two separate but interlinked components; the CRPP Trust Fund (TF) focusing on upstream support to strengthen the enabling environment required for implementing local adaptation measures at scale; and the CRPP Investment Fund (IF) focusing on the efficient roll-out of local adaptation measures through downstream investments.
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An overview of progress gender, climat change and disaster risk reduction, in the pacific region with eveidence from The Republic of Marshall Islands, Vanuatu and Samoa.
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The ‘Coping with climate change in the Pacific Island Region (CCCPIR)’ programme aims to strengthen the capacities of Pacific member countries and regional organisations to cope with the impacts of climate change. The programme is funded by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany through the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and implemented through GIZ working in partnership with SPC and SPREP.
The programme commenced its activities in 2009 working with Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu. In 2011 the program was expanded to another nine Pacific Island Countries, namely the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and the duration has been extended until 2019. The programme brief available at http://www.spc.int/lrd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=478&Itemid=44 gives further details.
At the regional level, the programme aligns with the Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific (FRDP). The programme will support countries in implementing key strategic priorities in the area of climate change including, where relevant, their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), National Adaptation Programmes for Action (NAPA), National Communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and other relevant national strategies, polices and plans.
The overall objective of the programme is that ‘the capacities of regional organisations in the Pacific Islands region and its member states to adapt to climate change and mitigate its causes are strengthened’. This objective will be achieved through six components highlighted below.
Component 1: Strengthening regional advisory and management capacity
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The Vanuatu NGO Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Program (the program), locally known as Yumi stap redi long Klaemet Jenis, began in July 2012 and was completed in December 2014. It was funded by the Australian Government through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)’s Community-based Climate Change Action Grant and implemented by Oxfam, CARE International in Vanuatu (CARE), Save the Children (SC), Vanuatu Red Cross Society (VRCS) in partnership with the French Red Cross Society (FRCS), the Vanuatu Rural Development Training Centre Association (VRDTCA), and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). The overall goal of the program was to increase the resilience of Vanuatu’s women, men and young people with respect to the unavoidable impacts of climate change.
This report presents findings and provides recommendations from an ex-post evaluation of the program conducted two-and-a-half years after the program’s conclusion, building on the findings and recommendations from the end-ofprogram evaluation conducted in late 2014 and early 2015.
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The Vanuatu Government recognises that gender equality is part of the fundamental right and duty enshrined in the National Constitution of Vanuatu. Chapter 2, Part I of the Constitution recognises the rights and freedoms of all individuals without discrimination on the grounds of sex, race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions or language. It also has provisions for the ‘special benefit, welfare, protection or advancement of females, children and young persons, members of under-privileged groups or inhabitants of less developed areas’ (Chapter 2, Clause 5 (1) (k)).
Gender equality and women’s empowerment are also critical to the achievement of the national development vision: “a Just, Educated, Healthy and Wealthy Vanuatu”. While the country’s Constitution and key national plans and strategies articulate the importance of equality and rights, significant disparities continue to exist between men and women.
This first National Policy on Gender Equality affirms the Vanuatu Government’s commitment towards gender equality across all sectors and at all levels of society and the elimination of discrimination and violence against women and girls. The policy builds on previous national policy initiatives and is informed by extensive background research and consultation including:
the 2006 National Women’s Forum;
the National Plan of Action for Women 2007-2011;
Gender mapping and associated stakeholder consultations, 2013;
Policy development consultations undertaken in Torba, Sanma, Penama, Malampa, Shefa and Tafea provinces, 2012-2013; and
the 2015 national and provincial policy validation.
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The World Humanitarian Summit in 2016 provides a unique opportunity for governments, UN agencies and civil society actors to set an ambitious agenda for empowering women and girls as change agents and leaders in humanitarian action and ensuring gender responsive humanitarian programming. However for these commitments to translate into meaningful action, it is critical to respond to the barriers that currently impact women’s leadership in emergencies, and build upon the existing efforts of women first responders and women-led organisations. ActionAid has produced this paper to ensure commitments arising from the World Humanitarian Summit are grounded in the realities of women affected by humanitarian crises and reflect their priorities.
This paper draws together findings from focus group discussions with women from multiple regions and draws upon ActionAid’s experience from a range of humanitarian contexts, including rapid and slow onset disasters and protracted crisis. It presents the barriers and opportunities for women’s leadership in humanitarian response as identified by women from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Nepal, occupied Palestinian territory (Gaza), the Philippines and Vanuatu. This data is overlayed with available evidence to validate the findings and demonstrate their applicability across diverse contexts.
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This Report is the result of collaboration between the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) and the International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group.
Research for the Report was primarily carried out during a mission to Vanuatu from April 21–25, 2008. The mission team was led by Amanda Ellis (World Bank), and included Sonali Hedditch (IFC), Kristie Drucza (AusAID), Anna Hutchens (AusAID consultant), Clare Manuel (The Law & Development Partnership), and Vijaya Nagarajan (AusAID consultant). Jozefina Cutura (World Bank consultant) and Kristie Drucza (AusAID) undertook useful preparatory research from March 3–7, 2008. This mission led to the publication Women in Vanuatu: Analyzing Challenges to Economic Participation1 , from which this report heavily draws.
This Report is one of six Gender and Investment Climate Reform Assessments undertaken in six Pacific nations including Vanuatu. The Report analyses gender-based investment climate barriers which constrain private sector development and identifies solutions to address them. Four investment climate areas are considered:
Public private dialogue
Starting and licensing a business
Access to justice, the courts, and mediation, and
Access to, and enforcement of, rights over registered land.
In each area the Report considers legal, regulatory, and administrative barriers to private sector development with a gender perspective. It asks whether women face different or additional constraints to those faced by men. And it makes recommendations aimed at ensuring that women benefit from ongoing efforts to improve Vanuatu’s investment climate on the same basis as their male counterparts.
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The Department of Women's Affairs presents on the relationships between climate change adaptation and gender in the Vanuatu context.
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This document serves to promote gender balance and improve the participation of women in UNFCCC negotiations and in the representation of Parties in bodies established pursuant to the Convention or the Kyoto Protocol. The Republic of Vanuatu acknowledges the great advancement made by Parties at COP18 on gender by adopting the above mentioned decision stating “Promoting gender balance and improving the participation of women in UNFCCC negotiations and in the representation of Parties in bodies established pursuant to the Convention or the Kyoto Protocol”.
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In 2013, the Government of Vanuatu and UNDP requested technical assistance from the USAID funded Adapt Asia-Pacific Project to support four specialists, including an International Gender Advisor, to prepare the “Adaptation to Climate Change in the Coastal Zone in Vanuatu Project” (VCAP). The USAID Adapt Advisors worked closely with the UNDP funded consultants and staff from all implementing partner (IP) agencies including the Ministry of Climate Change (MCC), the Department of Local Authorities (DLA), the Public Works Department (PWD) and the Vanuatu Meteorological and Geohazards Department (VMGD) in preparing the project. In-country design work, including visits to all proposed V-CAP sites, was carried out in late 2013.
The aim of the project is: “To improve the resilience of the coastal zone in Vanuatu to the impacts of climate change in order to sustain livelihoods, food production and preserve/improve the quality of life in targeted vulnerable areas”.
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The document contains the Republic of Vanuatu's submission to the Ad-hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement, specifically on the Annual Focus Area for the Paris Committee on Capacity-building (PCCB). The document contains statements on gender and youth and includes sections about civil society organisations and the Government. It also outlines ways forward and next steps.
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The ambition of this guidebook is to help practitioners and stakeholders integrate gender equality considerations in climate projects and leverage co-benefits between gender equality and climate action for sustainable development. It is divided into three parts: 1) an overview of co-benefits between gender equality and climate action; 2) an introduction to climate finance concepts, sources and instruments, and a discussion of their associated gender dimensions; and 3) a review of mainstreaming methodologies and tools to incorporate gender in climate change projects.
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Gender equality is central to achieving a sustainable and resilient future for Pacific islands.This toolkit is designed to support climate change practitioners working in national governments, non-governmental organisations, regional and international organisations, integrate gender into all aspects of policy, programming and project work.
The toolkit is divided into four modules, which can be read in conjunction or used as standalone documents for practitioners seeking guidance on a specific topic.
The modules are also supported by annexes, checklists and tools.
Module 1 - This introductory module explains why gender is a critical consideration in climate change programmes, projects and strategies, defines the key approaches and concepts, and clarifies some common misconceptions.
Module 2 - Introduces the different phases of a typical climate change programme/project cycle, identifies potential entry-points for integrating gender perspectives in each phase and also includes a generic gender checklist that may be applied to programmes and projects.
Module 3 - Focuses on the links between gender and climate change in specific sectors and uses sector relevant case studies to demonstrate how gender perspectives can be applied in the identification and assessment of climate changeproblems and solutions. Key gender indicators are also provided to support monitoring and evaluation.
Module 4 - This final module examines gender in relation to climate change governance. It discusses how to integrategender considerations in institutional arrangements, policy coordination and negotiations, and climate change finance.
Annexes:
Annex 1: Glossary
Annex 2: Additional Resources
Annex 3: Gender Responsive Terms and Indicator
Tools:
Tool 1: Weather and climate hazard assessment - integrating gender
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In the years to come, climate-related shocks and trends will amplify the challenges and risks of displacement for the people of the Pacific. In this context, this paper analyses the opposite perceptions of the migration process in the Pacific from the main receiving countries in the region (Fiji, Australia and New Zealand). This is explored through a hybrid approach employed in the postulation of a legal framework, which would attempt to create a balance of interest between the migrants and the receiving countries articulated on socio-economic and environmental parameters. Applicable international instruments and relevant measures of international organizations are explored and analysed with a view to resulting gaps and shortcomings.
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In the past decades, narratives of the “climate change refugee” have arisen within the larger conversation of climate change. This paper asks what role a human rights framework can have in grappling with the emergent and complicated question of climate-induced displacement—in a way that is more nuanced than most media coverage or policy analyses. Based on fieldwork in Port Vila, Vanuatu, I argue that while human rights law seems ill-equipped to serve as a stand-alone solution to climate change-induced migration, a human rights framework does offer the possibility of innovative approaches to the complexities of climate-induced displacement that are ignored by the dominant “climate refugee” narrative. Specifically, a human rights framework offers the potential for a rights-based approach to climate-induced migration—which should both prioritize the procedural rights of affected communities and center groups protected by human rights standards. A rights framework also contributes the human rights principles that underpin climate justice advocacy (both through agenda-setting and bottom-up grassroots movements) in a way that responsibly addresses the expectations and concerns of climate vulnerable communities.
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The Forty-Seventh Pacific Islands Forum was held in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia from 8 – 10 September 2016 and was attended by Heads of State and Government of Australia, the Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of Nauru, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. The Solomon Islands was represented by their Deputy Prime Minister, the Republic of Fiji, Niue and the Republic of Palau by their Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Kiribati by a Special Envoy. The Forum Leaders’ Retreat was held at FSM Congress Chamber in Palikir on 10 September 2016.
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The Monitoring Indicators Survey, developed with Intercluster guidance, engages real-time national data collection from the ground up through the even targeting of mobile users located throughout Vanuatu. The purpose of the Monitoring Indicators is to identify thematic hotspots and to track changes any over time.
Hotspots are determined based on the percentage of respondents, which is approximately 20 per area. Low numbers (1-3 respondents) can create high percentages from one response, and are therefore highlighted. Areas of most interest are hotspots identified as red, orange or yellow due to the higher percentages of respondents citing difficulties or challenges. It is recommended that further sectoral analyses are directed toward hotspots of interest to determine causation or identify relevant cross sectoral correlations. In the table below, hotspots are approximated geographically into North, East, South, West and Central. In the accompanying maps, hotspots are visible by Island and Area Council.
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