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This policy document is a result of various consultations among stakeholders convened to review the livestock policy. It addresses the challenges and constraints arising from the daily activities farmers, traders and the average Ni-Vanuatu faces on a daily basis. This document is consistent with current government strategies stipulated in the sector wide Overarching Productive Sector Policy (2012) and National Sustainable Development Plan 2016 to 2030 developed by the Government. It also covers a wide range of issues of biosecurity including animal health, plant health, trade facilitation and emergency response planning. This policy also highlight the importance of climate impacts which affects the primary sector and the flow on effect which give rise to increased pest and disease incidences: the effects of which biosecurity is left to deal with.
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The limited size of Vanuatu’s good agricultural land requires that a sustainable development pathway for the agriculture sector be clearly mapped in an Agriculture Sector Policy to ensure maximum benefit, lasting utility and equitable distribution of outputs for the people of Vanuatu irrespective of socio-economic status or geographical location. The development process undertaken in putting together this policy has given due consideration to the expectations and aspirations outlined for Vanuatu in the Constitution, the Priorities & Action Agenda (PAA) for a just, healthy, wealthy and educated Vanuatu, the Planning Long Acting Short (PLAS) acknowledgement of agriculture as the country’s engine for economic growth and employment and global development frameworks including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The final outcome of this policy reflects a national consensus on how this country aspires for its agriculture sector to develop and be sustained.
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The Government of Vanuatu recognises that effective institutions and the inter-relationships between them are at the heart of its ability to respond to growing climate and disaster risks. To this end, a comprehensive analysis of climate and disaster risk governance is undertaken.
A critical precursor is the development of a risk profile for Vanuatu that identifies the key risks and vulnerabilities that Vanuatu's risk governance institutions must address. Currently there is no single, up-to-date and easily accessible document that summarises the major studies of risk undertaken to date.
This “Profile of risks from climate change and geohazards in Vanuatu” report describes the activities and results of the risk profiling
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The Republic of Vanuatu is an archipelagic nation of 83 islands in the south Pacific, 65 of which are inhabited. An estimated 41% of the land is suitable for cultivation, but these amounts vary considerably from island to island. Over 90% of the land is held in customary land tenure for use by family members, while the remaining 10% is freehold and public land. The islands are small and highly disturbed as a result of frequent cyclones, seismic and volcanic activities. The population is approximately 236,000 with 80% living in rural areas, mainly living by subsistence. The national economy has been highly dependent on agriculture for decades. In more recent years, tourism has developed at a fast pace and has contributed substantially to Vanuatu’s gross domestic product. However, agriculture, forestry and fisheries continue to feature highly among the country’s 80% rural-based population for household staple food and income.
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The research project will explore two main processes: First, it will investigate how local actors receive knowledge with which they are confronted in connection with climate change, and how they (re)interpret and transform it during the reception process. Second, it focuses on the subsequent cultural changes and particularly on the potential transformations of fundamental ontological concepts.
In order to obtain data about these topics, ethnographic fieldwork will be undertaken in two places in Vanuatu, during which a number of different qualitative methods are employed. It will be conducted by Dr. Arno Pascht and the doctoral researcher Desirée Hetzel as combination of team and individual research in order to give consideration to the domains of men and women and additionally of other cultural differences in Vanuatu, for instance those between rural and urban regions.
According to requirements the project will engage local research assistants and language teachers.
There is no other similar project at the moment in Vanuatu.
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The project will involve a participatory process to identify and implement climate change adaptation measures, through the use of gender sensitive data gathering tools; specific location/areas for implementing adaptation measures and project sites will be identified during the project design phase in close consultation with relevant stakeholders. The project will increase the climate resilience of poor communities living on the selected island. The project will focus on combining soft ecosystem-based, gray-green and hard interventions while also building on existing activities of other relevant projects.
Enabling communities to increase their capacity to adapt to ongoing and uncertain changes requires active collaboration among government, partner agencies, CSOs, and particularly vulnerable and marginalized groups, in developing and delivering community-based adaptation and risk reduction programmes. Involving communities early onwards will lead to increased ownership of selected adaptation interventions and ensure that priority issues are being targeted. It will also ensure that local knowledge is being incorporated in the projects approach.
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The Mini Census was conducted in response to the recent disasters affecting the country, to update the list of households affected by the disasters. The Mini Census also provide an opportunity to update basic counts of certain government programs and policies.
Apart from basic count of population and households, information such as the birth certificate registration, the electoral card registration, the RSE/SWP participation and people with bank accounts can be found in the report. Other household information include disaster related information, use of telecommunication network, agriculture, fisheries and livestock information, use of solar lighting and value adding activities. There is information on water, sanitation and many more.
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This report aims to inform developing member countries of the most recent regional climate change projections and to assess the consequences of these changes for human systems. It also highlights gaps in the existing knowledge pertaining to the impacts of climate change, and identifies avenues where research continues to be needed. The information and insights presented in this report will contribute to scaling up the efforts of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in building climate resilience in its developing member countries in the years and decades to come.
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The Government of Vanuatu has decided to develop an oceans policy, which aligns with recommendations from theCommonwealth Secretariat.This report summarises the main findings1 of an analysis and assessment of 69 instruments of legislation andsubordinate policies and plans that are relevant to management and use of Vanuatu’s territorial waters and thereforerelevant to the development of the national oceans policy. The review of Vanuatu’s legislation, policies, strategies andplans relating to oceans management is part of the Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific IslandCountries (MACBIO) project.The approach to the review involved an analytical framework comprising three components:1. Individual analysis of legislation, policies, strategies and plans;2. Integration of individual analyses into an assessment table for comparative analysis and assessment; and3. A report which provides an assessment narrative based on the individual analyses and the information from theassessment table.
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Vanuatu Marine Ecosystem Service Valuation SUMMARY & Final report
This study,conducted in 2015, aimed to determine the economic value of seven marine and coastal ecosystem services in Vanuatu. The study forms part of the broader MACBIO project (Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific Island Countries and Atolls) that aims to strengthen the management of marine and coastal biodiversity in Pacific island countries.
The role that natural ecosystems, especially marine ecosystems, play in human wellbeing is often overlooked or taken for granted. The benefits humans receive from ecosystems, called ecosystem services, are often hidden because markets do not directly reveal their value – nature provides these benefits for free. Failure to recognize the role that marine ecosystems play in supporting livelihoods, economic activity, and human wellbeing has, in many instances, led to inequitable and unsustainable resource management decisions.
Coastal and marine resources provide Ni-Vanuatu businesses, households, and government many real and measurable benefits. The exclusive economic zone of Vanuatu, nearly 700,000 square kilometers of ocean, is more than 50 times larger than the country’s land area. This report, describes, quantifies and, where sufficient data is available, estimates the economic value of many of Vanuatu’s marine and coastal ecosystem services, in an effort to inform sustainable and equitable management decisions and support national marine spatial planning.
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Coastal fisheries provide staple food and sources of livelihood in Pacific Island countries, and securing a sustainable supply is recognised as a critical priority for nutrition security. This study sought to better understand the role of fish for Pacific Island communities during disasters and in disaster recovery. To evaluate community impacts and responses after natural disasters, focus group discussions were held with men and women groups at ten sites across Shefa, Tafea, Malampa and Sanma provinces in Vanuatu. The combined impacts of category 5 Tropical Cyclone Pam (TC-Pam) in March 2015 and prolonged El-Niño induced drought have had a profound impact across much of Vanuatu. Terrestrial systems had been disproportionately impacted with substantial shortages in drinking water, garden crops, cash crops and damage to infrastructure. Localized impacts were noted on marine environments from TC-Pam and the drought, along with an earthquake that uplifted reef and destroyed fishing grounds in Malampa province. Communities in Malampa and Shefa provinces also noted a crown-of-thorns outbreak that caused coral mortality. The significant reduction in terrestrial-based food and income generation capacity generally led to increased reliance on marine resources to cope and a shift in diets from local garden food to rice. However, limited market access, lack of fishing skills and technology in many sectors of the community reduced the capacity for marine resources to support recovery. A flexible management approach allowed protected areas and species to be utilized as reservoirs of food and income when temporarily opened to assist recovery. These findings illustrate that fish and fisheries management is at the center of disaster preparedness and relief strategies in remote Pacific Island communities. High physical capital (e.g.
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A Freshwater Aquaculture Trials and Governance Project for Vanuatu was officially launched Monday by the Minister of Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries and Biodiversity
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As the #1 ranked country for vulnerability on the World Risk Index, the lives of men and women in Vanuatu are constantly threatened by climate change and disasters. Following the most devastating cyclone to ever hit Vanuatu – cyclone Pam in 2015 – and widespread drought as a result of a strong El Nino event throughout 2015 and most of 2016, the impacts are growing ever more severe with climate change predicted to increase the intensity and impacts of such events over time. This research assesses the extent to which the eight markets that UN Women supports through its Markets for Change (M4C) programme on Efate and Santo Islands are vulnerable to climate change.
The study set out to map, document and understand the relative vulnerability of these municipal markets and their vendors, farmers and wider communities to climate change risks. The outcomes are practical measures and policy recommendations that can be implemented by the M4C project, municipalities and other relevant stakeholders to reduce this vulnerability and to prepare for disasters.
The recommendations made are not simply for the purpose of future climate change adaptation but are ‘no regrets’ strategies that will benefit Vanuatu market vendors, women and communities regardless of the extent of future climate change. They will be implemented in a progressive fashion along with a disaster preparedness plan that is to be developed at each market as a priority. The study has been repeated at M4C markets in Fiji and Solomon Islands.
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In 2013, the Government of Vanuatu and UNDP requested technical assistance from the USAID funded Adapt Asia-Pacific Project to support four specialists, including an International Gender Advisor, to prepare the “Adaptation to Climate Change in the Coastal Zone in Vanuatu Project” (VCAP). The USAID Adapt Advisors worked closely with the UNDP funded consultants and staff from all implementing partner (IP) agencies including the Ministry of Climate Change (MCC), the Department of Local Authorities (DLA), the Public Works Department (PWD) and the Vanuatu Meteorological and Geohazards Department (VMGD) in preparing the project. In-country design work, including visits to all proposed V-CAP sites, was carried out in late 2013.
The aim of the project is: “To improve the resilience of the coastal zone in Vanuatu to the impacts of climate change in order to sustain livelihoods, food production and preserve/improve the quality of life in targeted vulnerable areas”.
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Ecosystem and socio-economic resilience analysis and mapping (ESRAM) is the first phase of the Pacific Ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Climate Change project (PEBACC), a five-year initiative funded by the German Government and implemented by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). The intention of the project (2014 – 2019) is to promote ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) through the generation of new knowledge on local ecosystem services and its integration into development, climate change adaptation and natural resource management policy and planning processes in three Pacific island countries – Vanuatu, Fiji and the Solomon Islands.
This technical summary document reports on the findings from the first phase ESRAM activity that was conducted in Greater Port Vila between January and June 2016. Whilst it was understood at the outset that both climate and non-climate drivers would be important influences on ecosystem quality (and the services they provide), local engagement - through household surveys and community workshops - also uncovered substantial detail on the range of contemporary issues facing these communities: urban development, pollution, access to water, overharvesting and poor management of resources, sand mining, and climate impacts (including ongoing recovery from Tropical Cyclone Pam, March 2015). It is clear that the ecosystem and socio-economic resilience challenges for these urban and peri-urban communities are already considerable but will be further amplified by continued urbanisation and future climate change in the years to come.
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This vocabulary was created as part of the Griffith University Pacific iClim Project. The Project has been funded by the Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade initiative Government Partnerships for Development Program to support SPREP in implementing a regional approach to climate change data and information management throughout the Pacific.
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ACSE Fresh water Fish Farming Team consultation meeting with Eton Community (Site 1).
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The lack of incentives for the effective participation of farmers in the fruits and vegetable sector leading to an increased reliance and dependency on imported forms of fruits and vegetable products in the domestic markets have been attributed to a number of factors of which inconsistency in supply and deficient quality in fruits and vegetable products are more prominent. These dual negative factors are the direct result of the lack of coordination and management of the sector. Results from wide consultations with respective stakeholders identified an array of key strategies which have been proposed as means for addressing these shortfalls.
The central focus of this fruits and vegetable strategy is targeted on addressing issues pertaining to food security, health and nutrition, climate change and disasters, increased escalation of imported fruits and vegetable products leading to widening of trade deficiency and the inherent constraints within the supply chain. The main issues and challenges identified have been lumped into four main clusters.
First in these issue clusters are those relating to support services critical for effective coordination of the sector, the improvement of standards, strengthening of internal and external networking and the building of data collection and dissemination mechanisms within the sector.
Secondly, those infrastructure issues that have implications for the development of the sector from seeds to marketing have also been identified and proposed for addressing through improved and upgraded market centres, establishment of storage and testing facilities and the construction of appropriate nursery and irrigational facilities.
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Vanuatu 2030 is our National Sustainable Development Plan for the period 2016 to 2030, and serves as the country's highest level policy framework. It is founded on our culture, traditional knowledge and Christian principles, and builds on our development journey since Independence in 1980. We have already achieved a great deal,as we have encountered many difficulties and setbacks, some from natural disasters. Our most recent national plan, the Prioritiesand Action Agenda 2006-2015 sought to deliver a just, educated, healthy and wealthy Vanuatu. It was the first concerted attempt to link policy and planning to the limited resources of government. As we look ahead to the next 15 years, we now seek to further extend the linkages between resources, policy and planning to the people and place they exist to serve. In effect our development journey remains on the same course, but we are upgrading the vehicle to get us there in a more holistic and inclusive way
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This Bislama handbook, published by CARE, provides useful information about innovative gardening techinques and strategies for small farmers. It includes step-by-step guides with helpful graphics on how to use natural pesticides, fertilisers, crop routation, and other techniques and tools to increase productivity in the garden.
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The Pacific-Australia Climate Change Science and Adaptation Planning (PACCSAP) Program aims to develop the capacity of Pacific Island Countries (PICs) to manage climate risks. Ultimately climate change adaptation involves the management of identified climate change risks. This project is a component of PACCSAP, and aims to increase the capacity of decision makers in PICs to make informed decisions on climate change adaptation using CBA. By investigating two case studies this PACCSAP project has tested the application of CBA for managing climate risks in the Pacific. The project has also highlighted some of the common challenges to applying CBA and has provided lessons to overcome these challenges.
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WWF’s Forest and Climate team is pleased to announce our latest publication, Mapping REDD+: A visual guide to UNFCCC decisions, an all-inclusive resource for REDD+ negotiators, practitioners, policy makers, and funders.
REDD+ is ready for implementation, and a thorough understanding of relevant UNFCCC articles and decisions is needed to move forward and scale up action. In this comprehensive resource, we visually map the UNFCCC articles and decisions related to REDD+, and the connections between them, presenting all relevant decisions within one user-friendly document. The information is grouped into categories for easy reference regarding the subsets of REDD+ themes – such as finance, safeguards, and MRV – to ensure the highest levels of clarity and accessibility. The majority of the text is taken verbatim from official UNFCCC decisions, including citations, so readers can refer back to the original documents for additional context.
Mapping REDD+ is a complete source of the relevant articles and decisions needed to make informed and UNFCCC-compliant decisions, for anyone working within the REDD+ framework, from planning, to finance, to implementation.
View and download Mapping REDD+ here: http://bit.ly/2lVlMVL
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The Coping with Climate Change in the Pacific Island Region (CCCPIR) Program Programme aims to strengthen the capacities of regional organisations in the Pacific Islands region and its member states to adapt to climate change and mitigate its causes. The programme in Vanuatu (which has been operational for 8 years) was structured in 3 components in 2016: (1) Mainstreaming climate considerations and adaptation strategies; (2) Implementing adaptation and mitigation measures; (3) Climate change and education. The Vanuatu interventions are part of a regional program that cooperates closely with a range of climate change initiatives by the Pacific Community (SPC), the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) the University of the South Pacific (USP) the Pacific Island Forum Secretariat (PIFS), the Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG), the Australian Government, the United States Government and the European Union.
In 2016, the CCCPIR Program provided long-term technical advisors to the Ministry of Climate Change and the Ministry of Agriculture, who in turn supported a range of institutional strengthening and capacity transfer activities with the National Advisory Board on Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction (NAB), the Risk and Resilience Unit (RRU), and a range of other Government and Civil Society agencies.
The CCCPIR program supported implementation of the National Climate Change & Disaster Risk reduction Policy, by further mainstreaming climate change into a range of national and local-level policies and planning documents, notably the National Sustainable Development Plan (for which GIZ was the lead writer of the Environment Pillar), the TORBA Provincial Climate & Disaster Plan and the National Food Security Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Additionally, the CCCPIR was the primary facilitator of the National Climate Finance Forum and the National Loss & Damage Forum.
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The Paris Agreement was a landmark achievement in the international response to climate
change. The agreement was built on the intended nationally determined contributions
(INDCs) submitted by Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC). The agricultural sectors (crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture) feature
prominently in these national commitments, as outlined in the FAO study, The Agriculture
Sectors in the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs): Analysis. This is indicative
of growing international recognition that climate action in the agricultural sectors can be
transformative in the response to climate change, and a driver for achieving the 2030 Agenda
for Sustainable Development.
Developing countries will take the lead in implementing their nationally determined
contributions (NDCs). The international community has committed to support them in doing
so, as well as adhere to the reporting requirements of the Paris Agreement and enhance
ambition in future NDC cycles. Support for the agricultural sectors should be a priority for the
international community given their prominence in the INDCs and their potential to enhance
adaptation and mitigation ambition.
FAO has developed this paper, The agricultural sectors in nationally determined contributions
(NDCs): Priority areas for international support, to guide the international community when
delivering this support. This paper builds on FAO’s study, The Agriculture Sectors in the Intended
Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs): Analysis. It identifies common challenges that
are preventing developing countries from achieving their commitments and ambitions in the
agricultural sectors, as well as the types of support that are required to address them. These are
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