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Pacific Islands are among the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change as they are affected by repeated volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, cyclones, floods, droughts, and invasive sea level rise, which are rapidly eroding nations’ exceptional terrestrial and marine biodiversity, green coastal lands, nearshores, blue reefs and other aquatic resources. Economic development, and demographic pressure on land and marine resources, including overfishing,have already exacerbated these challenges. The loss of biodiversity, coastal lands, and aquatic life, has also had major societal and gender implications in shaping the quality of life for women, girls, boys and the elderly, including reduced livelihood opportunities, which are undermining women and youth’s voices in the conservation and management of communities' global commons.
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Flagship initiatives are the first, best or most promising examples of successful ecosystem restoration that a country or region would like to be globally known for. The main role of Flagships is to provide inspiration to other countries and regions for scaling up successful restoration efforts, and to attract global attention and investments. Selected Flagships will act as a basis for joint learning across the world. Up to 10 Flagships selected in the first round will be launched in 2022, likely in conjunction with the UN General Assembly in September. All official Flagships of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration will feature prominently in the UN Decade's publications, campaigns, outreach, advocacy and education efforts going forward, and will be listed in the UN Secretary-General's Report to the General Assembly (UNGA) at its 81st session.
Brief description of project, key activities and outputs, how will it be implemented?]
The SIDS Ecosystem Restoration Flagship (SIDS Flagship) concept note was submitted to and approved by the UN Decade Executive Board on December 17th 2021. In a nutshell, this Flagship will put marine and coastal ecosystems at the heart of economic policy and decision-making in the era of COVID 19. This SIDS-led initiative will also put a face to marine and coastal ecosystem restoration with SIDS leading by example and inspiring pride.
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The Project profile form - Enhanced Climate Resilience and Grid Connected Renewable Energy through Battery Storage
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This project aims to Respond Vanuatu’s obligations under para 29 of CMA3 UNFCCC decision, and to the urgent call by UN Secretary General, UNFCCC SG and COP26/COP27 Presidencies for all countries to submit a more ambitious NDC before COP27 to reflect national sectoral priorities and highest-level ambitions on adaptation, mitigation, and loss and damage.
Vanuatu’s 2021 NDC mitigation component remains the same, while 166 Adaptation Targets and 12 Loss & Damage Targets have been added, based fully on 38 existing sector policies.
The expected outcome of this NDC revision is to ensure that Vanuatu’s highest level climate priorities of adaptation and loss & damage are reflected, and that Vanuatu’s NDC comprehensively addresses all contributions it plans to make to meet the Goals of the Paris Agreement. This will support Vanuatu in its efforts to raise international climate finance, as well as showcase the severity of climate impacts and need for urgent action in support of grassroots communities and islands.
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The project profile for this Project: "SIDS Ecosystem Restoration Flagship: Vanuatu, Comores and Santa Lucia"
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The Project Profile form - Enhanced NDC NAB Project profile form
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Project title: “Strengthening capacity in the Energy, Agriculture, Forestry, and other Land-use Sectors for Enhanced Transparency in the Implementation and Monitoring of Vanuatu’s Nationally Determined Contribution”
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The Vanuatu Ministry of Climate Change and Natural Disaster and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have signed a US$2.6 million project document paving the way for a sustainable energy project funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The Barrier Removal for Achieving the National Energy Road Map Targets of Vanuatu (BRANTV) Project is funded by the GEF and implemented by UNDP in partnership with the Vanuatu Department of Energy. BRANTV has the objective of enabling the achievement of energy access, sustainable energy, and green growth targets of Vanuatu (as per the NERM).
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The project consists of 5MWp solar photovoltaic (PV) plants with a 11.5 MW/6.75 MWh centralised battery energy storage system (BESS) with grid forming inverters (GIF) at Kawene, Undine Bay, and Bouffa in UNELCO’s Port Vila, Efate concession area grid which serves approximately 30% of Vanuatu’s population. The BESS will enhance climate resilience and stabilise grid integration of the PV plants. The project will also improve the reliability of the electricity supply to the water pumping station of Port Vila and thereby enhance the resilience of the water supply system. The project will contribute to Vanuatu’s NDC target by doubling the current amount of grid integration of renewable energy and decreasing diesel fuel consumption by up to 32%.
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The Project Profile Form - Enhanced Climate Resilience and Grid Connected Renewable Energy through Battery Storage
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The Project Profile Form - Green Port and Renewable Energy Centre – Forari Bay
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A new blue green economic opportunity for North Efate is now ready for development in the Forari Bay area. The Forari Bay Development Company’s vision to create a multi-purpose North Efate development to serve as a second major peri-urban hub for Efate.
Key Activities:
The development will provide:
New domestic green port for Efate to serve as main inter-island shipping hub (powered by Renewable Energy)
New domestic green fleet (renewable energy powered domestic fleet of 12 ships)
New green slipway to service full domestic fleet and international vessels needing repair and maintenance while in Vanuatu waters (powered by Renewable Energy)
Trade centre for productive sector products from Provinces (raw and value-added) for domestic and international trade
Manufacturing centre for renewable energy products (e-vehicles, renewable energy products)
Agriculture/Horticulture high production high demand products
Outputs:
(Readiness) Complete Master Plan, Government Approvals,Sites Establisment. (USD 1m)
A totally green port, infrastructure system and transport and regional waste management facility. (USD 30.0m)
Slipway to improve the safety of vessels and passengers within Vanuatu waters. (USD 3.2m)
Food and niche Vanuatu horticulture products milled,processed and exported (USD 4.2m)
A vibrant climate resilient trading green port (USD 35.4m)
A sustainable fishery (USD 10.0m)
Total overall Project Costs Estimated to be USD 250 million
Implementation:
Construction Process Generally
Managed by Forari Bay Development Company appointed Project Manager, Quantity Surveyor, Financial Controller and Programme Manager with assistance from Specialist Design Consultants as required.
Preliminary Concept
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Performance-Based Climate Resilience Financing Mechanism in Vanuatu - LoCAL
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Performance-Based Climate Resilience Financing Mechanism in Vanuatu - LoCAL
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Performance-Based Climate Resilience Financing Mechanism in Vanuatu - LoCAL
Climate change is negatively impacting livelihoods for a majority of the population in Vanuatu, and is encumbering development and governance at the local level. These impacts will be heightened because of unfavorable climate projections such as the increased intensity of tropical cyclones. In addition, current efforts to adapt to climate change and its associated disasters are far from being transformational in scale and depth, and the need for adaptation across all sectors is immense. Consequently, it is important that adaptation to climate change is escalated at the local level to safeguard social and economic infrastructure, create opportunities for the most vulnerable communities to meet their needs, safeguard and restore critical ecosystems (for the purposes of livelihoods, income and biophysical integrity) and to foster resilient development into local governance
LoCAL in Vanuatu make use of the existing funding system and grants to provincial governments under and augment this in terms of finance for CC interventions, assessment system with focus on climate change adaptation performance, M&E to track additional funding for CC targeted investments and CB/TA to ensure mainstreaming of climate change through the entire planning and project implementation structure, see below.
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Past and projected future impacts of coral bleaching on the reefs of Vanuatu (7Mb)
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The Van- KIRAP Project Sites are the sector case studies- project sites includes these project sites and the sector coordinators:
Agrculture project sites - Mr.Pakoa Leo ,email: Pleo@vanuatu.gov.vu
Fisheries project sites - Ms Nastasia Shing, email: nshing@vanuatu.gov.vu
Infrastructure project sites - none
Tourism project sites - Mr.Moses Bani, email: mosesb@vanuatu.gov.vu
Water sector project site - Mr. Jonah Taviti, email: jtaviti@vanuatu.gov.vu
Each sites
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Project description: [Brief description of project, key activities and outputs, how will it be implemented?]
The Community Resilience Partnership Program (CRPP) is a regional partnership program of the Asian Development Bank to support selected countries in Asia and the Pacific region, including Vanuatu to (i) scale up local adaptation solutions in alignment with national climate priorities; (ii) finance local adaptation solutions that explicitly address the climate and poverty nexus and are implemented in the context of large-scale poverty reduction programs; and (iii) work with local institutions and communities to build long-term capacity for dealing with climate shocks and stresses. By doing so, the CRPP aims to address the points of procedural and distributive justice so that the people most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change can engage in a fair process and receive a fair share of the benefits of adaptation efforts.
The CRPP comprises two separate but interlinked components; the CRPP Trust Fund (TF) focusing on upstream support to strengthen the enabling environment required for implementing local adaptation measures at scale; and the CRPP Investment Fund (IF) focusing on the efficient roll-out of local adaptation measures through downstream investments.
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Project Profile Form - Leveraging the National Green Energy Fund to Achieve Rural Electrification in Vanuatu
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To reduce the vulnerability of rural communities in Tonga,Vanuatu and Samoa to the impacts of Climate chnage,the proposed project will enable the transition from conventional to climate-resilient, regenerative agricultural (CRRA) practices. Through these practices, the delivery of agricultural ecosystem services will be enhanced and dependence on external inputs reduced.
To support the adoption of CRRA, the proposed project will:
strengthen cross-sectoral partnerships
enhance market incentives for CRRA
Provide training and support for farmers and
implement robust monitoring and knowledge-sharing initiatives to support learning and adaptive implementation of CRRA
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The impacts of climate change are reducing the availability of fresh water in Malekula, with groundwater becoming increasingly saline because of saltwater intrusion and rainfall becoming increasingly erratic.
The Government of Vanuatu has prioritised ecosystem-based approaches to adaption in the Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction (CCDRR) Policy 2016-2030 to minimise the risks of climate change and disasters while enhancing local livelihoods resilience. This policy is aligned with the National Environment Policy 2016-2030 that prioritises climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction measures, as well as implementation of the CCDRR policy by 2030.
To address the growing climate risks to water resources, this project will apply an ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) approach to ensure reliable and sustainable water supply for ni-Vanuatu communities under future climate conditions, specifically by protecting and restoring ecological infrastructure, complemented by introducing new, resilient water supply systems in northern Malekula, to provide communities with a reliable source of potable water (see Attachment 1 for concept note). This will shift the development pathway away from small, decentralised systems which are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, towards larger centralised systems which are resilient to the impacts of climate change, and which can be better monitored. Communities not connected to the centralised system will also benefit through the development of an emergency water supply protocol that will facilitate the provision of water to them both during and after extreme climatic events when local supplies are disrupted. The project framework is as follows:
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Volcanic island countries in the Pacific are facing severe issues related to environmental degradation and climate variability. Deforestation and unsustainable land and water use, uncontrolled livestock grazing on fragile lands and poorly planned settlements in environmental and hazard-sensitive areas are drivers of environmental degradation. Drought is a major natural hazard all Pacific Island Countries (PICs) are facing, with agricultural drought presenting a particular problem for the leeward side of larger volcanic islands.
Alongside land resources, the economic and social well-being of PICs are dependent upon the quality and quantity of their freshwater resources. However, the ability of small island countries to effectively develop and manage their water sectors is often constrained by their small size and limited human resource base. In many island countries, factors such as increasing demand for water, rainfall variability, storm water runoff, inadequate sanitation, and waste disposal, threaten economic development and human health.
Fresh groundwater resources in volcanic islands of the Pacific are particularly abundant, as demonstrated by the plethora of freshwater springs, private and public groundwater bores and of major water bottling industries, abstracting substantial volumes of fresh groundwater, particularly in the larger volcanic islands of Fiji. These volcanic aquifers, bearing good potential to meet the needs of domestic and agricultural water demands have barely been developed. On the contrary, groundwater development is concentrated along the more densely populated coastal areas, targeting highly vulnerable shallow coastal aquifers.
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Project title: Enhancing water-food security and climate resilience in volcanic island countries of the Pacific
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The project from department of Energy.
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Van-KIRAP will support VGMD to provide five target sectors, including the Water Resources Divisionand its stakeholders, with climate information ready to be used in current and planned activities. Asector Coordinator in the Water Resources Division will co-ordinate the Water and Climate Action andCommunication Plan to advance the mainstreaming of climate information services into Water policy,planning, design and delivery.This document reviews existing information on climate and climate change as they affect Vanuatu’sWater sector and summarises current policies, strategies and frameworks. It provides the WaterClimate Action Plan and Communication Plan developed through a collaboration between the WaterResources Division and the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD).
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Van-KIRAP will support VGMD to provide five target sectors, including the Department of Tourism andits stakeholders, with climate information ready to be used in current and planned activities. A sectorCoordinator in the Department of Tourism will co-ordinate the Tourism and Climate Action andCommunication Plan to advance the mainstreaming of climate information services into Tourismpolicy, planning, design and delivery.This document reviews existing information on climate variability and change as they affect Vanuatu’s tourism sector and summarises current policies, strategies and frameworks. It provides the Tourism Climate Action Plan and Communication Plan developed through a collaboration between the Department of Tourism and the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD).
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Van-KIRAP will support Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD). to provide fivetarget sectors, including the Department of Fisheries and its stakeholders, with climate informationready to be used in current and planned activities. A sector coordinator in the Department of Fisherieswill co-ordinate implementation of the Fisheries and Climate Action and Communication Plan toadvance the mainstreaming of climate information services into fisheries policy, planning, design anddelivery.This document reviews existing information on climate variability and change as they affect Vanuatu’s fisheries sector and summarises current policies, strategies and frameworks. It provides the FisheriesClimate Action Plan and Communication Plan developed through a collaboration between theDepartment of Fisheries and the VMGD.
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