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The Government of Vanuatu, with the guidance of the Recovery Operations Centre (ROC) conducted a Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) with support from the UN Development Programme (UNDP) and the Pacific Community (SPC). The PDNA, which took place during the months of April and May 2023, was implemented in collaboration with ADB, FAO, UNFPA, UNWOMEN, UNICEF, WHO, ILO, the World Bank.
The purpose of the PDNA was to identify the damage and loss caused by TC Judy and Kevin across all sectors, to assess the macro-economic and human impact of these disasters, to estimate the recovery needs in all sectors, and to inform Vanuatu’s short-, medium- and long-term recovery and reconstruction process through a well-planned Recovery Plan aligned to the country’s National Sustainable Development Plan 2016-2030. This report presents the final results of the PDNA.
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The Secretariat of the Pacific Environment Programme (SPREP) is implementing the Climate Information Services for Resilient Development in Vanuatu (CISRD), or Vanuatu Klaemet Infomesen blong redy, adapt mo protekt (Van-KIRAP) Project. As the first part of this project, Tonkin & Taylor International Ltd (T+TI) has been engaged to provide technical expertise on the Van KIRAP Project and the Department of Water Resources to review and update existing flood mitigation guidelines for the Sarakata catchment in Espiritu Santo Island, and to support the development of flood early warning systems in Sarakata.
This report provides a review of the existing Flood Mitigation Guidelines for Sarakata, Pepsi and Solwei Areas (2011) including the evaluation and identification of gaps in terms of early warning systems and long-term climate change considerations. The review has identified the gaps across governance, institutional arrangements, observations, risk knowledge, warning dissemination, and preparedness and response. The following recommendations are provided to address the identified gaps and to inform the development of updated flood mitigation guidelines:
• Strengthened governance and institutional arrangements, relating to:
− Strengthened policies and institutional frameworks at the provincial level including clear roles and responsibilities.
− Clear standard operating procedures for flood early warning system management. − Development of forums to enable coordination and partnerships.
− Update and finalise the Sarakata Flood Management Plan, including establishment of a monitoring and evaluation plan to ensure effective and coordinated governance of flood disaster risk reduction and to foster sustainable development.
• Strengthened observation, monitoring, analysis, and forecasting, relating to:
− Additional observational equipment and supporting services and capacity.
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Van-KIRAP will support VGMD to provide five target sectors, including the Department of Agricultureand its stakeholders with climate information ready to be used in current and planned activities. Asector Coordinator in the Department of Agriculture will co-ordinate the Agriculture and ClimateAction and Communication Plan to advance the mainstreaming of climate information services intoagricultural policy, planning, design and delivery.
This document reviews existing information on climate and climate change as they affect Vanuatu’sagriculture sector and summarises current policies, strategies and frameworks. It provides theAgriculture Climate Action Plan and Communication Plan developed through a collaboration betweenthe Department of Agriculture and the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD).
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Van-KIRAP will support VGMD to provide five target sectors, including the Department of Agricultureand its stakeholders with climate information ready to be used in current and planned activities. Asector Coordinator in the Department of Agriculture will co-ordinate the Agriculture and ClimateAction and Communication Plan to advance the mainstreaming of climate information services intoagricultural policy, planning, design and delivery.
This document reviews existing information on climate and climate change as they affect Vanuatu’sagriculture sector and summarises current policies, strategies and frameworks. It provides theAgriculture Climate Action Plan and Communication Plan developed through a collaboration betweenthe Department of Agriculture and the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD).
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Oxfam International is a world-wide development organisation that mobilises the power of people against poverty. In the Pacific, we work with our partners to ensure that Pacific Islander women and men (specifically those that are poor, marginalised or excluded) are leading and shaping their development and where their voices are heard and acted on by those in power. In the Pacific, Oxfam’s regional office is based in Suva, Fiji, where our Fiji country office and our base for remote cluster management of the Polynesia/Micronesia country office are also located. We also have offices in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.
The Pacific Islands Climate Change Collaboration, Influencing and Learning (PACCCIL) project is a four year (2018 – 2021) project funded for the first two years by Australian NGO Cooperation Program (ANCP). It aims at strengthening the influencing capacity of civil society actors and networks to ensure that action on climate change in the Pacific region is more effective, inclusive and collaborative. The project will work with key climate change action networks in Vanuatu and at the regional level, as well as facilitate the organising and collective action of civil society actors in Solomon Islands and the Polynesia and Micronesia sub-regions against climate change.
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Pacific Tool for Resilience
PARTneR will enable Pacific government Ministries and stakeholder organisation to effectively developed and used risk-based information to support development decision making on DRR & DRM
PARTneR will tailor RiskScape, a disaster impact mapping and modelling software developed jointly with New Zealand NIWA and GNS science.
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The ‘Coping with climate change in the Pacific Island Region (CCCPIR)’ programme aims to strengthen the capacities of Pacific member countries and regional organisations to cope with the impacts of climate change. The programme is funded by the government of the Federal Republic of Germany through the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and implemented through GIZ working in partnership with SPC and SPREP.
The programme commenced its activities in 2009 working with Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu. In 2011 the program was expanded to another nine Pacific Island Countries, namely the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and the duration has been extended until 2019. The programme brief available at http://www.spc.int/lrd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=478&Itemid=44 gives further details.
At the regional level, the programme aligns with the Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific (FRDP). The programme will support countries in implementing key strategic priorities in the area of climate change including, where relevant, their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), National Adaptation Programmes for Action (NAPA), National Communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and other relevant national strategies, polices and plans.
The overall objective of the programme is that ‘the capacities of regional organisations in the Pacific Islands region and its member states to adapt to climate change and mitigate its causes are strengthened’. This objective will be achieved through six components highlighted below.
Component 1: Strengthening regional advisory and management capacity
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Responding to regional capacity building needs, including a lack of urban-related climate change trainings available, USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific in 2014 developed an Urban Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience (UCCAR) training course. Developed in collaboration with the East-West Center at the University of Hawaii, the course aims to improve climate change knowledge among mid- to senior-level managers working in urban and infrastructure planning and, in turn, help them design better adaptation projects.
This seven-module, five-day course starts with an introduction to climate change and climate change adaptation; provides tools and techniques for assessing climate change impacts and vulnerabilities; presents a framework for identification, evaluation, selection, and implementation of climate adaptation strategies, programs and projects; and finally looks at the options available for financing adaptation projects and methods of accessing climate change finance.
A hallmark of USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific’s standalone capacity building programs is to ensure knowledge is tested and applicable in the real world. The UCCAR training course, therefore, incorporates multiple case studies, tools, methodologies, and guidelines developed through USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific’s engagement with national and local governments in preparing climate change adaptation projects.
The training manual is primarily targeted at training institutions and agencies loking to develop and deliver urban climate change adaptation project development and finance training. The materials may also be useful for practitioners and individuals working in related sectors looking for a comprehensive set of tools and how-to guides for urban climate change adaptation.
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The Vanuatu NGO Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) Program (the program), locally known as Yumi stap redi long Klaemet Jenis, began in July 2012 and was completed in December 2014. It was funded by the Australian Government through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)’s Community-based Climate Change Action Grant and implemented by Oxfam, CARE International in Vanuatu (CARE), Save the Children (SC), Vanuatu Red Cross Society (VRCS) in partnership with the French Red Cross Society (FRCS), the Vanuatu Rural Development Training Centre Association (VRDTCA), and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). The overall goal of the program was to increase the resilience of Vanuatu’s women, men and young people with respect to the unavoidable impacts of climate change.
This report presents findings and provides recommendations from an ex-post evaluation of the program conducted two-and-a-half years after the program’s conclusion, building on the findings and recommendations from the end-ofprogram evaluation conducted in late 2014 and early 2015.
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The Government of Vanuatu recognises that effective institutions and the inter-relationships between them are at the heart of its ability to respond to growing climate and disaster risks. To this end, a comprehensive analysis of climate and disaster risk governance is undertaken.
A critical precursor is the development of a risk profile for Vanuatu that identifies the key risks and vulnerabilities that Vanuatu's risk governance institutions must address. Currently there is no single, up-to-date and easily accessible document that summarises the major studies of risk undertaken to date.
This “Profile of risks from climate change and geohazards in Vanuatu” report describes the activities and results of the risk profiling
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The Mini Census was conducted in response to the recent disasters affecting the country, to update the list of households affected by the disasters. The Mini Census also provide an opportunity to update basic counts of certain government programs and policies.
Apart from basic count of population and households, information such as the birth certificate registration, the electoral card registration, the RSE/SWP participation and people with bank accounts can be found in the report. Other household information include disaster related information, use of telecommunication network, agriculture, fisheries and livestock information, use of solar lighting and value adding activities. There is information on water, sanitation and many more.
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The Government of Vanuatu has decided to develop an oceans policy, which aligns with recommendations from theCommonwealth Secretariat.This report summarises the main findings1 of an analysis and assessment of 69 instruments of legislation andsubordinate policies and plans that are relevant to management and use of Vanuatu’s territorial waters and thereforerelevant to the development of the national oceans policy. The review of Vanuatu’s legislation, policies, strategies andplans relating to oceans management is part of the Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific IslandCountries (MACBIO) project.The approach to the review involved an analytical framework comprising three components:1. Individual analysis of legislation, policies, strategies and plans;2. Integration of individual analyses into an assessment table for comparative analysis and assessment; and3. A report which provides an assessment narrative based on the individual analyses and the information from theassessment table.
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The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives substantial variability in tropical cyclone (TC) activity around the world1–3 . However, it remains uncertain how the projected future changes in ENSO under greenhouse warming4–8 will aect TC activity, apart from an expectation that the overall frequency of TCs is likely to decrease for most ocean basins9–11. Here we show robust changes in ENSO-driven variability in TC occurrence by the late twenty-first century. In particular, we show that TCs become more frequent (∼20–40%) during future-climate El Niño events compared with present-climate El Niño events—and less frequent during future-climate La Niña events—around a group of small island nations (for example, Fiji, Vanuatu, Marshall Islands and Hawaii) in the Pacific. We examine TCs across 20 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 database12, forced under historical and greenhouse warming conditions. The 12 most realistic models identified show a strong consensus on El Niño-driven changes in future-climate large-scale environmental conditions that modulate development of TCs over the o-equatorial western Pacific and the central North Pacific regions. These results have important implications for climate change and adaptation pathways for the vulnerable Pacific island nations.
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The World Humanitarian Summit in 2016 provides a unique opportunity for governments, UN agencies and civil society actors to set an ambitious agenda for empowering women and girls as change agents and leaders in humanitarian action and ensuring gender responsive humanitarian programming. However for these commitments to translate into meaningful action, it is critical to respond to the barriers that currently impact women’s leadership in emergencies, and build upon the existing efforts of women first responders and women-led organisations. ActionAid has produced this paper to ensure commitments arising from the World Humanitarian Summit are grounded in the realities of women affected by humanitarian crises and reflect their priorities.
This paper draws together findings from focus group discussions with women from multiple regions and draws upon ActionAid’s experience from a range of humanitarian contexts, including rapid and slow onset disasters and protracted crisis. It presents the barriers and opportunities for women’s leadership in humanitarian response as identified by women from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Nepal, occupied Palestinian territory (Gaza), the Philippines and Vanuatu. This data is overlayed with available evidence to validate the findings and demonstrate their applicability across diverse contexts.
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As the #1 ranked country for vulnerability on the World Risk Index, the lives of men and women in Vanuatu are constantly threatened by climate change and disasters. Following the most devastating cyclone to ever hit Vanuatu – cyclone Pam in 2015 – and widespread drought as a result of a strong El Nino event throughout 2015 and most of 2016, the impacts are growing ever more severe with climate change predicted to increase the intensity and impacts of such events over time. This research assesses the extent to which the eight markets that UN Women supports through its Markets for Change (M4C) programme on Efate and Santo Islands are vulnerable to climate change.
The study set out to map, document and understand the relative vulnerability of these municipal markets and their vendors, farmers and wider communities to climate change risks. The outcomes are practical measures and policy recommendations that can be implemented by the M4C project, municipalities and other relevant stakeholders to reduce this vulnerability and to prepare for disasters.
The recommendations made are not simply for the purpose of future climate change adaptation but are ‘no regrets’ strategies that will benefit Vanuatu market vendors, women and communities regardless of the extent of future climate change. They will be implemented in a progressive fashion along with a disaster preparedness plan that is to be developed at each market as a priority. The study has been repeated at M4C markets in Fiji and Solomon Islands.
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In 2013, the Government of Vanuatu and UNDP requested technical assistance from the USAID funded Adapt Asia-Pacific Project to support four specialists, including an International Gender Advisor, to prepare the “Adaptation to Climate Change in the Coastal Zone in Vanuatu Project” (VCAP). The USAID Adapt Advisors worked closely with the UNDP funded consultants and staff from all implementing partner (IP) agencies including the Ministry of Climate Change (MCC), the Department of Local Authorities (DLA), the Public Works Department (PWD) and the Vanuatu Meteorological and Geohazards Department (VMGD) in preparing the project. In-country design work, including visits to all proposed V-CAP sites, was carried out in late 2013.
The aim of the project is: “To improve the resilience of the coastal zone in Vanuatu to the impacts of climate change in order to sustain livelihoods, food production and preserve/improve the quality of life in targeted vulnerable areas”.
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The island Republic of Vanuatu is one of the most climatologically and seismically vulnerable countries in the world. Situated in the Pacific’s ‘Ring of Fire’ and ‘cyclone belt’, it is susceptible to volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, cyclones and both flood and drought. With the onset of climate change, extreme weather events are increasing the number and severity of natural disasters. Within this document, an emergency shelter from impending disaster will hereafter be called an ‘evacuation centre’ (EC) and longer-term temporary accommodation for those who lose their homes as a result of disaster will hereafter be called ‘emergency or transitional shelter’.
Through strategic partnership, the NDMO acquired support from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to write these guidelines to identify, select and establish a database of potential evacuation centres to supplement the organization’s plan to meet its strategic objective 3: Enhance Disaster Risk Management (DRM) operations preparedness, response and recovery for a safer, secure & resilient Vanuatu. The NDMO as the coordinating body, with the help of these guidelines, will also be able to map and classify the different key stakeholders, actors and strategic partners to reach the goal of setting up evacuation centres across the country to strengthen disaster preparedness and response capacity.
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This vocabulary was created as part of the Griffith University Pacific iClim Project. The Project has been funded by the Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade initiative Government Partnerships for Development Program to support SPREP in implementing a regional approach to climate change data and information management throughout the Pacific.
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Released by the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO), this document provides definitions for commonly used disaster risk reduction (DRR) and disaster management (DM) terms.
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This handbook gives the guidelines for organizing, developing, and evaluating simulations and drills and describes different uses for the exercises in the context of emergencies and disasters. It has been written primarily for heatlh sector organizations that are in the process of reviewing and updating emergency preparedness and response plans, but institutions from other sectors will also find it useful.
The Pan American Health Organization has worked with a group of experts from Latin America and the Caribbean to prepare a series of practical guidelines for planning and carrying out simulations and drills.
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Vanuatu is expected to incur, on average, 48 millionUSD per year in losses due to earthquakes and tropicalcyclones. In the next 50 years, Vanuatu has a 50% chanceof experiencing a loss exceeding 330 million USD andcasualties larger than 725 people, and a 10% chanceof experiencing a loss exceeding 540 million USD andcasualties larger than 2,150 people.
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This Newsletter provides a brief overview of the activities undertaken in the country by Vanuatu Red Cross and partners during the month of October. It features the following content:
1. Tropical Cyclone Pam Recovery2. Supporting Community Planning - Phase 3 (SCP3)3. Together Becoming Resilient - Phase 5 (TBR5)4. Youth Empowering Vulnerable Communities5. FINPAC6. First Aid7. Organisational Development8. Meet the VRCS Finance & HR Team9. October News & Events
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These are Vulnerability Assessments documents consisting of an Assessment Report that identifies the Project sites' community needs (like food, water, etc) and reccomendations before the Project Implementaion phase as well as the Climate Change Adaptation Priority Rankings that ranks communities in accordance to priority.
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These are Vulnerability Assessments documents consisting of an Assessment Report that identifies the Project sites' community needs (like food, water, etc) and reccomendations before the Project Implementaion phase as well as the Climate Change Adaptation Priority Rankings that ranks communities in accordance to priority.
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These are Vulnerability Assessments documents consisting of an Assessment Report that identifies the Project sites' community needs (like food, water, etc) and reccomendations before the Project Implementaion phase as well as the Climate Change Adaptation Priority Rankings that ranks communities in accordance to priority.
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The Urban Growth Trends Report forms part of the Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction Project: Risk Mapping and Planning for Urban Preparedness Project being undertaken by the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-hazards Department. The report analyses the trend existing urban development, the historical growth trends, teh legislative framework and key drivers that are directly growth in Port Vila and Luganville urban areas.
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Vanuatu is one of the most vulnerable countries to natural hazards on the planet, (World Bank, 2011). More than three quarters of the population are at risk from not just one, but multiple disaster events, including: tsunamis, volcano eruptions, flooding, cyclones and many more. According to the Pacific Catastrophic Risk Assessment and Financing Initiative (PCRAFI), undertaken by SPC and World Bank in 2010, Vanuatu can lose up to VT4 Billion in one year due to cyclone and earthquakes. Against this backdrop, Disaster risk management has become a cross-cutting issue that affects all sectors of Vanuatu and all development priorities and programs. Disaster risk management and climate change have been included into the current Priorities for Action Agenda 2011-2016. In September 2012, Vanuatu launched the National Advisory Board on Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction (NAB) to better manage and coordinate Climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction programs in Vanuatu and facilitate mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction into sectoral policies and planning. The resources provided by this project will strengthen the NAB and assist the Government to conduct thorough hazard and risk assessment in the urban areas and use the data to inform national land use planning policies including the design of a Tsunami warning system for both urban areas.
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