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Pacific Islands are among the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change as they are affected by repeated volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, cyclones, floods, droughts, and invasive sea level rise, which are rapidly eroding nations’ exceptional terrestrial and marine biodiversity, green coastal lands, nearshores, blue reefs and other aquatic resources. Economic development, and demographic pressure on land and marine resources, including overfishing,have already exacerbated these challenges. The loss of biodiversity, coastal lands, and aquatic life, has also had major societal and gender implications in shaping the quality of life for women, girls, boys and the elderly, including reduced livelihood opportunities, which are undermining women and youth’s voices in the conservation and management of communities' global commons.
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Flagship initiatives are the first, best or most promising examples of successful ecosystem restoration that a country or region would like to be globally known for. The main role of Flagships is to provide inspiration to other countries and regions for scaling up successful restoration efforts, and to attract global attention and investments. Selected Flagships will act as a basis for joint learning across the world. Up to 10 Flagships selected in the first round will be launched in 2022, likely in conjunction with the UN General Assembly in September. All official Flagships of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration will feature prominently in the UN Decade's publications, campaigns, outreach, advocacy and education efforts going forward, and will be listed in the UN Secretary-General's Report to the General Assembly (UNGA) at its 81st session.
Brief description of project, key activities and outputs, how will it be implemented?]
The SIDS Ecosystem Restoration Flagship (SIDS Flagship) concept note was submitted to and approved by the UN Decade Executive Board on December 17th 2021. In a nutshell, this Flagship will put marine and coastal ecosystems at the heart of economic policy and decision-making in the era of COVID 19. This SIDS-led initiative will also put a face to marine and coastal ecosystem restoration with SIDS leading by example and inspiring pride.
Project
The project profile for this Project: "SIDS Ecosystem Restoration Flagship: Vanuatu, Comores and Santa Lucia"
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Vanuatu is the fourth biggest Forum Islands Country in terms of population (273,000 in 2016), the fifth biggestcountry in terms of land mass, and the twelfth biggest country in terms of Exclusive Economic Zone. It is ayoung country, with 66% of its population being less than 30 years old.Most of Vanuatu’s population still engages in own-account production, mostly vegetables (97%), but also livestock(86%), and fish (58%). Overall, the weight of the Agriculture, Fishing and Forestry sector (own-accountplus commercial) is still significant, at around 20% of the Gross Domestic Product. Most of the remainingGross Domestic Product (70%) is generated by the services sector.Vanuatu has bilateral diplomatic relations with around 70 countries. At regional level, the country is a foundingmember of the Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG) and the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF).The Vanuatu Trade Policy Framework Update (TFPU) 2019 is the country’s trade policy. It assesses the factorsconstraining Vanuatu’s trade competitiveness and proposes recommendations to address those constraints.
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As the #1 ranked country for vulnerability on the World Risk Index, the lives of men and women in Vanuatu are constantly threatened by climate change and disasters. Following the most devastating cyclone to ever hit Vanuatu – cyclone Pam in 2015 – and widespread drought as a result of a strong El Nino event throughout 2015 and most of 2016, the impacts are growing ever more severe with climate change predicted to increase the intensity and impacts of such events over time. This research assesses the extent to which the eight markets that UN Women supports through its Markets for Change (M4C) programme on Efate and Santo Islands are vulnerable to climate change.
The study set out to map, document and understand the relative vulnerability of these municipal markets and their vendors, farmers and wider communities to climate change risks. The outcomes are practical measures and policy recommendations that can be implemented by the M4C project, municipalities and other relevant stakeholders to reduce this vulnerability and to prepare for disasters.
The recommendations made are not simply for the purpose of future climate change adaptation but are ‘no regrets’ strategies that will benefit Vanuatu market vendors, women and communities regardless of the extent of future climate change. They will be implemented in a progressive fashion along with a disaster preparedness plan that is to be developed at each market as a priority. The study has been repeated at M4C markets in Fiji and Solomon Islands.
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The lack of incentives for the effective participation of farmers in the fruits and vegetable sector leading to an increased reliance and dependency on imported forms of fruits and vegetable products in the domestic markets have been attributed to a number of factors of which inconsistency in supply and deficient quality in fruits and vegetable products are more prominent. These dual negative factors are the direct result of the lack of coordination and management of the sector. Results from wide consultations with respective stakeholders identified an array of key strategies which have been proposed as means for addressing these shortfalls.
The central focus of this fruits and vegetable strategy is targeted on addressing issues pertaining to food security, health and nutrition, climate change and disasters, increased escalation of imported fruits and vegetable products leading to widening of trade deficiency and the inherent constraints within the supply chain. The main issues and challenges identified have been lumped into four main clusters.
First in these issue clusters are those relating to support services critical for effective coordination of the sector, the improvement of standards, strengthening of internal and external networking and the building of data collection and dissemination mechanisms within the sector.
Secondly, those infrastructure issues that have implications for the development of the sector from seeds to marketing have also been identified and proposed for addressing through improved and upgraded market centres, establishment of storage and testing facilities and the construction of appropriate nursery and irrigational facilities.
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Suva, Fiji – A major new report, Reviving Melanesia’s Ocean Economy: The Case for Action, launched today, has revealed that the ocean is a much larger part of Melanesia’s economy and future prosperity than previously understood.
Melanesia is a large sub-region in the Pacific that extends from the western end of the Pacific Ocean to the Arafura Sea, and eastward to Fiji. The region includes Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu.
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