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The Mini Census was conducted in response to the recent disasters affecting the country, to update the list of households affected by the disasters. The Mini Census also provide an opportunity to update basic counts of certain government programs and policies.
Apart from basic count of population and households, information such as the birth certificate registration, the electoral card registration, the RSE/SWP participation and people with bank accounts can be found in the report. Other household information include disaster related information, use of telecommunication network, agriculture, fisheries and livestock information, use of solar lighting and value adding activities. There is information on water, sanitation and many more.
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This report aims to inform developing member countries of the most recent regional climate change projections and to assess the consequences of these changes for human systems. It also highlights gaps in the existing knowledge pertaining to the impacts of climate change, and identifies avenues where research continues to be needed. The information and insights presented in this report will contribute to scaling up the efforts of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in building climate resilience in its developing member countries in the years and decades to come.
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Below is an extract of the Minister's Forward from the MCCA 2014 Annual Report:
It is with pleasure that I hereby submit to Parliament the 2014 Annual Report of the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation (MCCA), Meteorology & Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and National Disaster Management Office.
In 2014, our relatively new Ministry began the long task of moving away from working as separate Departments – some in other Ministries – to working as part of the MCCA team. Issues with staffing, financial arrangements and physical resources made our task challenging. However, as can be seen from the following Departmental reports, with strong leadership, commitment, vision, professionalism and dedication, entrepreneurship + imagination, so much has been achieved.
The process of preparing Annual Report provides a very valuable opportunity for the Ministry team to look back to the year that has past, reflect on achievements but also analyse issues that can be better managed and resourced to pre-position the Ministry for the challenges that will no doubt arise in the new year of 2015.
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Honourable Minister Thomas LAKEN (MP) Minister of Climate Change Adaptation
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The El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives substantial variability in tropical cyclone (TC) activity around the world1–3 . However, it remains uncertain how the projected future changes in ENSO under greenhouse warming4–8 will aect TC activity, apart from an expectation that the overall frequency of TCs is likely to decrease for most ocean basins9–11. Here we show robust changes in ENSO-driven variability in TC occurrence by the late twenty-first century. In particular, we show that TCs become more frequent (∼20–40%) during future-climate El Niño events compared with present-climate El Niño events—and less frequent during future-climate La Niña events—around a group of small island nations (for example, Fiji, Vanuatu, Marshall Islands and Hawaii) in the Pacific. We examine TCs across 20 models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 database12, forced under historical and greenhouse warming conditions. The 12 most realistic models identified show a strong consensus on El Niño-driven changes in future-climate large-scale environmental conditions that modulate development of TCs over the o-equatorial western Pacific and the central North Pacific regions. These results have important implications for climate change and adaptation pathways for the vulnerable Pacific island nations.
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In 2013, the Government of Vanuatu and UNDP requested technical assistance from the USAID funded Adapt Asia-Pacific Project to support four specialists, including an International Gender Advisor, to prepare the “Adaptation to Climate Change in the Coastal Zone in Vanuatu Project” (VCAP). The USAID Adapt Advisors worked closely with the UNDP funded consultants and staff from all implementing partner (IP) agencies including the Ministry of Climate Change (MCC), the Department of Local Authorities (DLA), the Public Works Department (PWD) and the Vanuatu Meteorological and Geohazards Department (VMGD) in preparing the project. In-country design work, including visits to all proposed V-CAP sites, was carried out in late 2013.
The aim of the project is: “To improve the resilience of the coastal zone in Vanuatu to the impacts of climate change in order to sustain livelihoods, food production and preserve/improve the quality of life in targeted vulnerable areas”.
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Ecosystem and socio-economic resilience analysis and mapping (ESRAM) is the first phase of the Pacific Ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Climate Change project (PEBACC), a five-year initiative funded by the German Government and implemented by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). The intention of the project (2014 – 2019) is to promote ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) through the generation of new knowledge on local ecosystem services and its integration into development, climate change adaptation and natural resource management policy and planning processes in three Pacific island countries – Vanuatu, Fiji and the Solomon Islands.
This technical summary document reports on the findings from the first phase ESRAM activity that was conducted in Greater Port Vila between January and June 2016. Whilst it was understood at the outset that both climate and non-climate drivers would be important influences on ecosystem quality (and the services they provide), local engagement - through household surveys and community workshops - also uncovered substantial detail on the range of contemporary issues facing these communities: urban development, pollution, access to water, overharvesting and poor management of resources, sand mining, and climate impacts (including ongoing recovery from Tropical Cyclone Pam, March 2015). It is clear that the ecosystem and socio-economic resilience challenges for these urban and peri-urban communities are already considerable but will be further amplified by continued urbanisation and future climate change in the years to come.
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This vocabulary was created as part of the Griffith University Pacific iClim Project. The Project has been funded by the Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade initiative Government Partnerships for Development Program to support SPREP in implementing a regional approach to climate change data and information management throughout the Pacific.
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The Vulnerability and Needs Assessment (VNA) is a participatory social engagement tool that elicits information in a group setting about communities in a comprehensive, multi-sector approach. VNA’s allow for community members to identify for themselves any relevant vulnerabilities using their contextual knowledge (including those posed by climate change and natural disaster), contribute valuable baseline data about their community as well as define community priorities for development in a fairly short span of time.
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The Kigali Amendment is an amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. It was adopted by the 28th Meeting of Parties to the Montreal Protocol on 15 October 2016 in Kigali, Rwanda. The Amendment adds powerful greenhouse gases hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to the list of substances controlled under the Protocol to be phased down. The Amendment will enter into force on 1 January 2019, provided that it is ratified by at least 20 parties to the Montreal Protocol. If that condition is not met by that date, the Amendment will become effective on the 90th day following the date of ratification by the 20th party.
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The WASH Paper materials consists of the following:
2016 and 2017 Calendar depicting safe water, Hygiene and what to do during disaster
Posters for Hygience during the Menstrual Period
Posters on how to construct "TIPTAP"
WASH cover images
Stickers with the message of boiling water before drinking
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Vanuatu, an archipelago of 80 islands with a population of approximately 250,000, is among the most disaster-prone countries in the Pacific. It regularly experiences tsunamis, floods, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, landslides, fires and disease outbreaks. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) ranks Vanuatu twelfth in the Asia Pacific Region for the frequency and severity of its natural disaster.
UNICEF is the co-lead of the Water cluster which, under the leadership of the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO), together with the Department of Geology, Mines, and Water Resources (DGMWR) responds to national emergencies.
Collectively, the Vanuatu WASH cluster has recognized that a lack of readily available, officially endorsed, standardized set of key messages and IEC materials to address critical life-saving safe water, sanitation and hygiene behaviours in an emergency context presents a gap in its current disaster risk reduction and management preparedness and response practices.
To address this gap, UNICEF seeks to partner with Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA), and NGO that is a member of the WASH cluster and has expertise in Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion and Emergency Response to coordinate and manage the preparedness and response efforts of this project. As an implementing partner, ADRA would provide technical support, coordination and management of stakeholder consultations, pretesting, production, prepositioning and provide training to stakeholders in Vanuatu to use the WASH in emergency standardized messages and IEC materials developed.
The materials were launched on 15th july 2016. You may view the details of the launching event here.
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Below is an extract of the Minister's Forward from the MCCA 2016 Annual Report:
It is with pleasure that I hereby submit to Parliament the 2016 Annual Report of the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation (MCCA), Meteorology & Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and National Disaster Management Office.It is said that if “you fail to plan, then you plan to fail.” Continuous improvement is only possible if you review your old planning and implementation to ensure following initiatives are underpinned by sound problem solving and practical, strategic targets. Therefore, the 2016 Annual Report for the Ministry of Climate Change is an important document in the planning process, allowing our Ministry to assess what has been done well and what activities remain to be implemented or strengthened in the coming year.
In 2016 the nation of Vanuatu continued to resolve issues caused by 2015 Cyclone Pam followed in 2016 by a strong El Nino and the threat of a La Nina event. Innovative responses to “Build Back Better and Stronger” were supported by our development partners, the private sector and Non Government Organisations both regionally and internationally. These efforts will continue into 2017.At this point, I would like to recognise the contribution of our dedicated, professional team. The Ministry is fortunate to have well-educated technical and management officers delivering the Ministry’s program and projects often in very difficult and dangerous conditions, in isolated rural locations.
The closing function for the Ministry proved the opportunity to publicly recognise with Vanuatu Medals the services of long serving staff retiring after three decades of service. I wish to take the opportunity to name these officers - Leo Moli, Mercy Nalawas, Peter Feke, Paul Manamena and Philip Namu.
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There are about 30 species of mangroves in Solomon Islands, representing 40% of the world's mangrove species. They can be found on most islands ans it is estimated that mangroves here cover an area of about 50 000 hectares.
Mangroves are important resources for livelihoodof rural coastal communities. However there ias not an endleess supply.
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Its am imaginative story showing how climate change can affect young children in a pacific environment, and measures they can take to mitigate and adapt.
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Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (SPC/GIZ)
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Set of 12 coloured fact sheets in English produced by the Pacific Centre for Environment & Sustainable Development (PACE-SD)
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Grafting hemi name we ol farmer oli usum blo maretemem ol trees. Yu save mekem grafting sapos trees oli kam out lo same family group trees. Exampol, yu save graftem ol aranis, pamplemus, mo lemon. Climate change I mekem se plante hud blong yumi oli stap kasem ol niufala sik mo oli stap ded. Olsem grafting I save helpem yu blong maretem ol strong hud blong oli nomo ded.
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Process ia blong priperem kumala olsem silage hemi wan wei blong storem kakai blong pig blong i save stap longfala taem, mo blong hemi gud mo sef tru long wan taem blong disaster or wan extreme klaemet event olsem saeklon.
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Ol scientist ol agree se klaemet istapjenis. Hemia nao wanem oli singaotemglobal warming. Igat fulap samting icontribute long global warming. Hemi igatincrease blo urganization, deforestationmo rapis fasen blo sakem ol agrikajarolwaste. Klaemet jenis hemi causem olsamting olsem rise blo silevel motemperaja.
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Tri o wud hemi wan veri impoten risoslong yumi. Long ol tri, yumi save mekemfulap samting long hem we yumi usumlong laef blong yumi everi dei. Plentiman i depend long ol forest, bus mo ol tri.Bus o fores i givim faea wud, frut,meresin, pos blong fanis mo haos,furniture, wud blong carving, handleblong ol tul, mo planti moa samting. Tri owud tu hemi help blong reducem carbondioxide long air we I stap raon long wol.Ol tri oli save holem taet graon tu longtaem blong flooding mo narafala kaenclimate change.
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Vanuatu is expected to incur, on average, 48 millionUSD per year in losses due to earthquakes and tropicalcyclones. In the next 50 years, Vanuatu has a 50% chanceof experiencing a loss exceeding 330 million USD andcasualties larger than 725 people, and a 10% chanceof experiencing a loss exceeding 540 million USD andcasualties larger than 2,150 people.
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The Pacific Islands region is experiencing climate change. Key indicators of the changingclimate include rising carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, rising air and sea temperatures,rising sea levels and upper-ocean heat content, changing ocean chemistry and increasingocean acidity, changing rainfall patterns, decreasing base flow in streams, changingwind and wave patterns, changing extremes, and changing habitats and species distributions.Currently, the most vulnerable areas include low islands (atoll islands and otherislands that rise only a few feet above present sea level), nearshore and coastal areas,and coral reefs. High-elevation (particularly alpine and subalpine) ecosystems are alsovulnerable. The climatic changes are affecting every aspect of life. Freshwater suppliesfor natural systems, as well as communities and businesses, are at risk. Food security isthreatened through impacts on both agriculture and fisheries. The built environment isalso at risk from coastal flooding and erosion as sea levels incrementally increase. Lossof habitat for endangered species such as monk seals, sea turtles, and Laysan ducks isexpected along with increased coral bleaching episodes, expansion of avian malaria tohigher elevations, and changes in the distribution and survival of the areas’ marine biodiversity.Over the coming decades, impacts are expected to become more widespreadand more severe.
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The assessment of available remote sensing data indicates, that there is almost no potential foractivities reducing deforestation within the CCA/REDD site. Reducing forest degradation byeliminating invasive weeds might show some potential for emission reductions and removals, butrequires further research to assess the management options and their carbon dynamics.
The community areas of Penaoru and Petawata show a potential of 664 ha for enhancing forestcarbon stocks activities. However, 65% of the potential is located outside the CCA/REDD site inareas around the villages. Only one third of the potential (219 ha) relates to areas larger than 1ha.Given the spatial distribution of potential sites, the original concept of a combined CCA-REDD sitehas to be modified. The CCA area can be maintained as established, but its management plan shouldallow for A/R activities considering that some Sandalwood stands have already been establishedinside. In case the REDD+ activities will only encompass A/R activities, the boundaries of theREDD+ sites will become obsolete and can be replaced by the community boundaries. Within thisscenario, Penaoru, Petawata and other communities will register their A/R activities and sites in a(sub)national registry applying an approved protocol. The registry will operate a spatial databaseof all EFCS activities, and measure, report, and verify their GHG removals. In its mature state, theregistry will account for all eligible REDD+ activities across islands and community territories.Early movers willing to participate in piloting REDD+ on Santo Island would have to register theiractivities based on consolidated community territories.
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Addressing challenges posed by climate change requires significant financial resources. In the growing literature of climate change, “climate finance” refers to financial resources required to cover the costs of climate actions and investments2. Climate finance is complex because of the diversity of sources of funds, agents and channels to distribute the funds to intended beneficiaries at different levels and scales. The expected scale of climate finance is also significant. Developed countries have committed to mobilize new and additional resources for climate investments. It has been agreed at COP 15 in Copenhagen that as much as US$ 30 billion for 2010-2012 and US$ 100 billion by 2020 is to be mobilized to assist developing countries to cover the costs of climate mitigation and adaptation. The committed resources, however, are much lower than the estimated amount required to finance mitigation and adaptation actions. Estimates vary from around US $140-175 billion and $70-100 billion per year for the period of 2010-2050.3 Uncertainties remain on how the funds will be raised, managed and disbursed. One of the mechanisms to manage and channel international finance is the recently created Green Climate Fund (GCF). The GCF is expected to support projects, programs, policies, readiness and other activities in developing countries. The operational policies and modalities, including how countries can access the fund, are currently being negotiated.
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Flyer giving summary of technical report on climate science:
The impact of natural disasters and their poten- tial to increase as a result of climate change have received greater attention in recent years. With an onset of strategies, action plans and frameworkshave been put in place internationally. At a regional level, the strategies address this growing concern about the risks of disasters and the uncertain hazards from climate change. In 2005, the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005–2015 identified the following 5 priorities for action:
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Leading scientists indicate that the global is changing. As a result extreme weather is increasing, average temperature is rising, patterns of dry and wet periods are shifting, and sea levels are rising. These effects impact on the vulnerability of people. Extreme weather: Climate change is accompanied by an increase in extreme weather events. The trend can already be witnessed: frequency, intensity and unpredictability of extreme weather is increasing.
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