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Republic of Vanuatu’s First Biennial Transparency Report (FBTR)
Under the Vanuatu’s First Biennial Transparency Report to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Submitted by: Ministry of Climate Change, Republic of Vanuatu
Executive summary
This inaugural Biennial Transparency Report for Vanuatu serves as a comprehensive overview of the nation’s efforts to meet its commitments under the Paris Agreement. It encompasses critical aspects of Vanuatu’s national circumstances, greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, progress tracking for nationally determined contributions (NDCs), climate change impacts and adaptation strategies, as well as financial and technological support needs and responses related to climate change. Additionally, the report addresses initiatives aimed at averting, minimizing, and addressing loss and damage associated with climate change impacts.
I. National Circumstances and Institutional Arrangements
Vanuatu’s unique geographical and socio-economic context is characterized by its status as a small island developing state (SIDS), facing significant vulnerabilities due to climate change. This section outlines the institutional frameworks in place to facilitate climate governance, including coordination mechanisms among government agencies, civil society, and local communities. The report emphasizes Vanuatu's commitment to integrating climate action into national development plans, promoting resilience, and ensuring sustainable development.
II. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory
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The VANUATU’S GCF ACCREDITATION PROCESS: ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARDS ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
This report responds to a request for assistance from the Government of Vanuatu (GoV) to the USAID Climate Ready program regarding GoV’s efforts to secure accreditation to the Green Climate Fund (GCF). Accreditation would allow GoV to submit climate change adaptation and mitigation project concepts and proposals directly to the GCF without having to go through an external partner, thus streamlining the process and establishing a greater degree of country ownership over GCF activities in Vanuatu. In order to secure accreditation, GoV must demonstrate institutional and human competencies in several areas related to the preparation, review, administration, and implementation of climate change projects. This report focuses on the requirements related to environmental and social safeguards (ESS). The overall objective of the report is to provide specific recommendations as to how GoV can meet GCF’s ESS requirements for accreditation.
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This project aims to Respond Vanuatu’s obligations under para 29 of CMA3 UNFCCC decision, and to the urgent call by UN Secretary General, UNFCCC SG and COP26/COP27 Presidencies for all countries to submit a more ambitious NDC before COP27 to reflect national sectoral priorities and highest-level ambitions on adaptation, mitigation, and loss and damage.
Vanuatu’s 2021 NDC mitigation component remains the same, while 166 Adaptation Targets and 12 Loss & Damage Targets have been added, based fully on 38 existing sector policies.
The expected outcome of this NDC revision is to ensure that Vanuatu’s highest level climate priorities of adaptation and loss & damage are reflected, and that Vanuatu’s NDC comprehensively addresses all contributions it plans to make to meet the Goals of the Paris Agreement. This will support Vanuatu in its efforts to raise international climate finance, as well as showcase the severity of climate impacts and need for urgent action in support of grassroots communities and islands.
Project
The project profile for this Project: "SIDS Ecosystem Restoration Flagship: Vanuatu, Comores and Santa Lucia"
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News
Performance-Based Climate Resilience Financing Mechanism in Vanuatu - LoCAL
Climate change is negatively impacting livelihoods for a majority of the population in Vanuatu, and is encumbering development and governance at the local level. These impacts will be heightened because of unfavorable climate projections such as the increased intensity of tropical cyclones. In addition, current efforts to adapt to climate change and its associated disasters are far from being transformational in scale and depth, and the need for adaptation across all sectors is immense. Consequently, it is important that adaptation to climate change is escalated at the local level to safeguard social and economic infrastructure, create opportunities for the most vulnerable communities to meet their needs, safeguard and restore critical ecosystems (for the purposes of livelihoods, income and biophysical integrity) and to foster resilient development into local governance
LoCAL in Vanuatu make use of the existing funding system and grants to provincial governments under and augment this in terms of finance for CC interventions, assessment system with focus on climate change adaptation performance, M&E to track additional funding for CC targeted investments and CB/TA to ensure mainstreaming of climate change through the entire planning and project implementation structure, see below.
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Welcome to the Climate Investment Database
The Pacific Climate Investment Database (CID) is a publicly available database containing a comprehensive overview of primary climate finance projects in the Pacific. Though there is a framework for determining ‘primary’ climate finance, many of the projects are based on the judgement call of the composer, not having total access to individual breakdowns of the projects to determine how much finance is dedicated to purely climate change causes.
This database is based on largely publicly available information. It does not capture any climate finance projects that were completed prior to 2015.
The project financials are expressed in USD. Any projects that were implemented not in a donor currency were converted using an average exchange rate from June 2014 till present.
The entire financing amount for ALL projects (eg. Grant/loans & co-financing amounts) were used where possible to fully capture the scale of the projects. We have attempted to break down these amounts by donor where possible, however financial breakdowns were not always available.
For further information, please contact the Australia Pacific Climate Partnership Support Unit at info@apclimatepartnership.com.au
Tools
GCF has introduced a new application process for smaller-scale projects or programmes:
Do you have a project that is ready for scaling up, and has the potential for transformation to adapt and/or mitigate to climate change?
Does it require a GCF contribution of up to USD 10 million?
Are the environmental and social risks and impacts minimal?
If so, your proposal could benefit from the Simplified Approval Process.
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The purpose of the directory is to help connect climate finance with those who need it. Climate finance refers to financing channelled by national, regional, and international entities for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Vanuatu, among the world’s most vulnerable countries to climate change and disasters, has a significant and immediate need for investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation. The amount of climate finance approved and disbursed to date fulfils only a small portion of actual needs. A study carried out by the Stockholm Environment Institute revealed that Vanuatu had received roughly USD 49.4 million of climate finance from 2010-2014, with the majority (57.2%) supporting mitigation activities.[1]
The directory details known climate finance sources available to individuals, communities, organisations, government bodies, and the private sector in Vanuatu. Financing amounts, eligibility requirements, and focus areas vary widely depending on the source.
This directory is divided into five sections:
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The National Advisory Board (CC&DRR) approved at its meeting on February 02 2017 (minutes available on request) the establishment of a Climate Finance Working Group (hereafter referred to as CFWG). This group was previously referred to as the NIE Taskforce.
The CFWG will assist the NAB Secretariat to progress issues related to climate finance. The CFWG’s purpose is to serve as a consultative arm of the National Advisory Board to provide strategic direction specifically on climate finance related matters for the Ministry of Climate Change and progress the NIE Accreditation agenda. The following document details the role and responsibilities of the CFWG, its membership, the nature of meetings and systems of reporting.
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This fact sheet contains a brief overview on the Green Climate Fund Readiness Programme's objective, background, deliverables, and more.
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The Green Climate Fund works through a wide range of Accredited Entities to channel its resources to projects and programmes. Such entities have different characteristics. They can be private or public, non-governmental, sub-national, national, regional or international, as long as they meet the standards of the Fund. Accredited Entities carry out a range of activities that usually include the development of funding proposals and the management and monitoring of projects and programmes. Countries may access GCF resources through multiple entities simultaneously.
This document contains a list of organisations with known experience working in Vanuatu or the South Pacific. Finding an Accredited Entity that is willing to submit an application on the project proponent’s behalf is required as part of the application process.
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The Project Profile Form is part of the NAB's interim Green Climate Fund Project Appraisal process. Project proponents wishing to apply for the Green Climate Fund should fill out this form.
Before filling out this form, there are a few important things to note:
Applicants must find an Accredited Entity (AE) that is committed to apply for funding on your behalf. Only AEs are eligible to apply for GCF funding. A complete list of AEs can be accessed on the AE Directory.
Strong applications outline clear mitigation or adaptation benefits in at least one of the eight impact areas.
Applications should demonstrate alignment with priorities outlined in the national and sectoral policies of the Republic of Vanuatu.
Competitive applications meet the Investment Framework Indicative Assessment Criteria.
The form should be emailed to the NAB Secretariat at nab@meteo.gov.vu for review and screening.
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The Government of Vanuatu has decided to develop an oceans policy, which aligns with recommendations from theCommonwealth Secretariat.This report summarises the main findings1 of an analysis and assessment of 69 instruments of legislation andsubordinate policies and plans that are relevant to management and use of Vanuatu’s territorial waters and thereforerelevant to the development of the national oceans policy. The review of Vanuatu’s legislation, policies, strategies andplans relating to oceans management is part of the Marine and Coastal Biodiversity Management in Pacific IslandCountries (MACBIO) project.The approach to the review involved an analytical framework comprising three components:1. Individual analysis of legislation, policies, strategies and plans;2. Integration of individual analyses into an assessment table for comparative analysis and assessment; and3. A report which provides an assessment narrative based on the individual analyses and the information from theassessment table.
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SPREP hosts the Pacific Climate Change Portal (PCCP). The PCCP aims to ensure that climate change information, data and tools produced by regional and national institutions are available and easily accessible throughout the Pacific.
The PCCP has been upgraded in recent months, including the creation of the following two new tools:
Climate Finance Navigator - a tool designed to assist countries and communities in accessing climate finance across the Pacific.
Adaptation Planning Tool - designed to provide an easy to follow guide for project scoping and planning for climate change adaptation.
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GCF 101 is a stripped-down guide to help people understand how the Fund works.
This guide is a simple, comprehensive road map for anybody who would like to access the financial resources of the Green Climate Fund. Each section of GCF 101 addresses the different funding opportunities the Fund provides to help developing countries cope with climate change. Each of these sections is broken down into three parts:
A short overview of GCF funding activities;
A simple step by step guide telling you how to apply for funding; and
A series of frequently asked questions that tease out more information about approval processes.
The new guide is accessible at http://www.greenclimate.fund/gcf101.
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The NDC Partnership recently launched the first comprehensive online platform focused specifically on resources that help countries implement their national climate commitments (Nationally Determined Contributions or NDCs). The NDC Toolbox Navigator (beta) is a searchable database of over 250 analytical tools and technical resources. It provides connections to sources of advisory support and technical expertise as well as links to other online platforms with relevant resources. The goal of the platform is to provide countries with the analytical tools they need to deliver ambitious climate and sustainable development action. The Toolbox Navigator provides a user-friendly search experience based on different NDC implementation activities, with filters by sector and topic to help users find the resources most relevant to their needs. They can also use the tools to facilitate peer-to-peer learning around implementing NDCs. For example, users will find resources ranging from a tool that provides assessments of greenhouse gas emissions reduction from clean energy initiatives to software that helps plan for risks posed by climate change variability.
The NDC Toolbox Navigator was developed collaboratively through a working group of LEDS GP (Low Emissions Development Strategies Global Partnership), COP22 Presidency - Government of Morocco, GIZ, World Resources Institute, UNFCCC Secretariat, and USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development). The Navigator is the result of a collaborative process between the NDC Partnership and a wide array of partners.
We encourage you to use the tool and share it with your networks.
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Achieving a growth path that is resilient, inclusive and sustainable is one of the top policy priorities of our time. Governments around the world are facing the triple imperatives of re-invigorating growth while improving livelihoods and urgently tackling climate change, in line with the goals of the Paris Agreement. This report argues that boosting economic growth, improving productivity and reducing inequalities need not come at the expense of locking the world into a high-emissions future. It is the quality of growth that matters.
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The toolkit, produced by Acclimatise and the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), provides indispensable guidance covering:
Things to know before applying: The toolkit provides an overview of the amount and type of funding available along with the role of the key actors involved, such as National Designated Authorities, Accredited Entities and Executing Entities.
Proposal design elements: The toolkit presents how to prepare a logic framework, develop a Gender Assessment and Action Plan and justify the rationale for GCF involvement (the “exit strategy”)
Proposal template: A detailed description of all the sections and their expected content is provided.
The main steps of proposal preparation: Users are guided through the preparation of a fully-fledged funding proposal with a detailed overview of the information required as well as the tools and methods from the collection of baseline data to the budget’s preparation.
The GCF project cycle: The toolkit breaks down the GCF project cycle into its various phases, from concept note submission to project closure. Users will get a better understanding of the time frames and organisations involved along the way.
Concept note preparation: The toolkit includes a checklist on how to get started if you decide to submit a concept note before the proposal.
Project preparation: Applicants can seek assistance to turn a concept note into a full funding proposal under the GCF’s Project Preparation Facility (PPF). The toolkit provides guidance on how to access the PPF.
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The ambition of this guidebook is to help practitioners and stakeholders integrate gender equality considerations in climate projects and leverage co-benefits between gender equality and climate action for sustainable development. It is divided into three parts: 1) an overview of co-benefits between gender equality and climate action; 2) an introduction to climate finance concepts, sources and instruments, and a discussion of their associated gender dimensions; and 3) a review of mainstreaming methodologies and tools to incorporate gender in climate change projects.
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This slideshow provides an introduction to the Green Climate Fund in the Vanuatu context, with information on GCF mechanisms, priorities, current projects and the application process.
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Responding to the climate challenge requires collective action from all countries, cities, businesses, and private citizens. With currently USD 10.3 billion pledged, the Green Climate Fund (GCF), is the world’s largest climate fund and is designed to be the main financial instrument to meet the global commitment made by advanced economies to jointly mobilise $100 billion per year by 2020, from a variety of sources, to address the pressing mitigation and adaptation needs of developing countries.
This toolkit, produced by Acclimatise Group Limited in partnership with the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), the International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD) and the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), will help guide you step-by-step through the process of applying for a Green Climate Fund grant.
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This working paper presents an analysis of climate finance flows to Pacific Island states in 2010–2014, collectively and by country, as well as more recent data on flows from multilateral climate funds.
The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) of the Pacific face serious threats from climate change and will need significant international climate finance if they are to be able to respond. However, there is very little synthesized data on climate finance in the Pacific region. This paper aims to fill that gap by analysing published data reported by donor countries and multilateral climate funds to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee.
The analysis covers 15 countries, collectively and individually: the Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Republic of Marshall Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. It finds that in 2010–2014, a total of 748 million USD in finance principally targeting climate change was committed to those countries, almost all as grants. Around 59% was for adaptation, 36% for mitigation, and 5% for both together.
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In the years to come, climate-related shocks and trends will amplify the challenges and risks of displacement for the people of the Pacific. In this context, this paper analyses the opposite perceptions of the migration process in the Pacific from the main receiving countries in the region (Fiji, Australia and New Zealand). This is explored through a hybrid approach employed in the postulation of a legal framework, which would attempt to create a balance of interest between the migrants and the receiving countries articulated on socio-economic and environmental parameters. Applicable international instruments and relevant measures of international organizations are explored and analysed with a view to resulting gaps and shortcomings.
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This report uses these generic methods to provide recommendations for climate resilient development in the PICs in the following sectors: coastal protection, flood management, water resources management, protection of infrastructure against changes in temperature and precipitations, protection of buildings against cyclone winds, and adaptation in the agriculture sector.
A new World Bank report has highlighted the need for Pacific Island countries to better incorporate climate and disaster risk management into planning and development, while proposing priority investments and policies to boost resilience to the year 2040.
Launched in Fiji today at the Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation in the Pacific Region, Pacific Possible: Climate and Disaster Resilience considers the economic costs of climate adaptation, and proposes adaptation strategies for areas including infrastructure and buildings, coastal protection, water resources, flooding and agriculture, with special consideration given to the unique challenges of atoll islands.
“Climate change and extreme weather events have the potential to adversely affect coastal zones, water resources, health, infrastructure, agriculture and food security,” said Denis Jordy, Senior Environmental Specialist at the World Bank. “And if new investments are not properly planned, they risk exacerbating the impacts of natural hazards and climate change by increasing the vulnerability and exposure of those at risk.”
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