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The Invasive Species Media Guide targets journalists, reporters, photographers, environmental writers and other people working within, or having an interest in, media and communication roles in Vanuatu. It aims to heighten awareness within the media and communications sector about the issue of invasive species in Vanuatu.
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Information about Invasive Species in Vanuatu.
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The Invasive Species Pocket Guide aims to help local farmers and/or communities identify the different invasive species that exist in their communities. It can also be used by agriculture extension officers, environmental professionals, students, community groups, NGOs and other land managers in Vanuatu.
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These working papers have been compiled into a monograph to accompany the final report of project ADP/2014/013 and provide greater detail. Along with the final report and workshop papers, the monograph provides a record of research conducted under project ADP/2014/013 and makes this available to a wider audience interested in agroforestry systems in Fiji and Vanuatu. The working papers also provide a useful basis for further research into agroforestry systems (or ecological intensification) in the two countries. Among the working papers (WPs) are:
• a macroeconomic overview of agroforestry benefits in Pacific islands (WP1)
• a survey of approaches which have been adopted for modelling the performance of agroforestry systems (WP2)
• the steps required for modelling the financial performance of novel tree species (WP3) and for carrying out a broader modelling approach to include environmental and social benefits of forestry and agroforestry in Fiji and Vanuatu (WP4)
• assessments of the constraints to, and opportunities for, establishing agroforestry in the Western Division of Fiji (WP5 and WP6)
• a survey of the various lists of tree species which have been identified as having priority for growing in Fiji and Vanuatu and the criteria used for theirselection (WP7)
• details of financial models of selected individual tree and crop species and mixed-species agroforestry systems, and estimates of financialperformance of both groups (WP8 and 9)
• an assessment of the most suitable financing and other measures to promote agroforestry in the two countries (WP10)
• findings from a smallholder survey on the potential for agroforestry adoption in Vanuatu (WP11)
• critical examination of relevant laws and polices relating to agroforestry in Fiji and Vanuatu (WP12 and 13)
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Generation of a Agricultural technologies to mitigate climate change imposed risks to food security in smallholder farming communities in Western Pacific Countries
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The Action ‘Generation and adaptation of improved agricultural technologies to mitigate climate change-imposed risks to food production within vulnerable smallholder farming communities in Western Pacific countries’ was a five year partnership between organisations of three Western Pacific Countries and the BOKU in Austria as the main partners. This collaboration was the first of its kind for all partners. In particular it was a first collaboration where the three Western Pacific Countries (including Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands ) worked together under its own management to implement an agricultural research for development project of this scale.
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With this project IUCN Oceania seeks to address the key challenges of mangrove management to increase the resilience of the Pacific people to climate change and improve livelihoods.
THE PROJECTWith the MESCAL project IUCN Oceania seeks to address the key challenges of mangrove management to increase the resilience of the Pacific people to climate change and improve livelihoods. By working with five Pacific Island Countries (Fiji, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Tonga) IUCN Oceania will promote an adaptive co-management approach as well as the restoration of mangrove ecosystems.
BACKGROUNDPacific Islanders are at the forefront of climate change; experiencing its varying impacts on coastlines, biodiversity, economy and most importantly on livelihoods. The conservation of mangroves and associated ecosystems is a key natural adaptation strategy and mitigation measure to climate change. Mangrove ecosystems provide goods and services highly valued by the people of the Pacific. However, this unique ecosystem faces continuing threats from overharvesting, degradation and land reclamation.
SITUATIONProtection of mangrove ecosystems will in turn safeguard the livelihoods of Pacific Island communities, especially for coastal dwellers. Weak governance, disconnect between formal and traditional management systems, limited baseline information, weakening traditional management, lack of awareness and limited capacity are the key challenges of mangrove management in the Pacific.
DONORGerman Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) under its International Climate Initiative.
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Le changement climatique est l'un des sujets dont on parle le plus dans le monde parce qu'll affecte le quotidien de tous les habitants de la planete, y compris ceux qui vivent dans les iles du pacifique. Les scientifiques disent que lechangement climatique pourrait rendre les saisons chaudes plus longues et amener beacoup de pluies durant la saison humide.
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The Forty-Seventh Pacific Islands Forum was held in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia from 8 – 10 September 2016 and was attended by Heads of State and Government of Australia, the Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of Nauru, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. The Solomon Islands was represented by their Deputy Prime Minister, the Republic of Fiji, Niue and the Republic of Palau by their Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Kiribati by a Special Envoy. The Forum Leaders’ Retreat was held at FSM Congress Chamber in Palikir on 10 September 2016.
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Ocean warming may well turn out to be the greatest hidden challenge of our generation. This report represents the most comprehensive review to date on ocean warming. To build up the report, leading scientists from around the world were invited to join with colleagues to contribute individual chapters. It contains many recommendations from the scientists on capability gaps and research issues that need to be resolved if we are to tackle the impacts of ocean warming with greater confidence in the future. The focus of the report is on gathering facts and knowledge and communicating this to show what is now happening in and to the ocean. There is purposefully much less focus on political ramifications. We hope that this report will help stimulate further debate and action on such issues.
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This report uses these generic methods to provide recommendations for climate resilient development in the PICs in the following sectors: coastal protection, flood management, water resources management, protection of infrastructure against changes in temperature and precipitations, protection of buildings against cyclone winds, and adaptation in the agriculture sector.
A new World Bank report has highlighted the need for Pacific Island countries to better incorporate climate and disaster risk management into planning and development, while proposing priority investments and policies to boost resilience to the year 2040.
Launched in Fiji today at the Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation in the Pacific Region, Pacific Possible: Climate and Disaster Resilience considers the economic costs of climate adaptation, and proposes adaptation strategies for areas including infrastructure and buildings, coastal protection, water resources, flooding and agriculture, with special consideration given to the unique challenges of atoll islands.
“Climate change and extreme weather events have the potential to adversely affect coastal zones, water resources, health, infrastructure, agriculture and food security,” said Denis Jordy, Senior Environmental Specialist at the World Bank. “And if new investments are not properly planned, they risk exacerbating the impacts of natural hazards and climate change by increasing the vulnerability and exposure of those at risk.”
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Approach to Climate Change
Vanuatu ratified the UNFCCC in 1993 and the Kyoto Protocol (as a non-Annex I country) in 2001. It made its first national communication to the UNFCCC in October 1999 and the country’s Climate Change Office within the Vanuatu Meteorological Service has participated in workshops to prepare its second national communication. A National Action Plan on Adaptation was submitted in 2007. Vanuatu is a member of the Alliance of Small Island States. The United Nations Population Fund classes Vanuatu as one of the nations most vulnerable to natural hazards and says it faces significant hurdles because it is trying to eradicate widespread poverty at the same time as addressing climate change.
Particular areas of potential impact from climate change include agriculture, water, coastal and marine resources, infrastructure and tourism. Numerous documents have been published that aim to help Vanuatu prepare for potential climate change impacts. A National Adaptation Programme for Action (NAPA) was published in June 2007, and in 2006, a Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Management National Action Plan 2006- 2016, and a Priorities and Action Agenda 2006-2015 were released. The government published a draft National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for Land-Based Resources (2012-2022) in July
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Minister of Climate Change’s Preamble
It is with pleasure that I hereby submit to Parliament the 2015 Annual Report of the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation (MCCA), Meteorology & Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and National Disaster Management Office.
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process of preparing the 2015 Annual Report has provided a very valuable opportunity for the Ministry team to look back to the year that has passed, reflect on achievements and challenges but also analyse issuesso as to be better prepared and resourced to pre-position the Ministry and Vanuatu for the challenges that will no doubt arise in the new year of 2016.
In 2015 the nation of Vanuatu faced two extreme events: the Category 5 Cyclone Pam and then the strongest El Nino since 1952. These two occurrences tested the capacity of a new Ministry established in December 2013. Government of Vanuatu Ministries and agencies worked together with international and regional partners, donors and Non-Government Organisations to provide critically important expertise. The strong support of the public and private sectors in Vanuatu and internationally must be recognised. A world-wide FLASH Appeal provided valuable financial assistance to response and later, Recovery and Reconstruction Programs.
Cyclone Pam provided valuable lessons for all stakeholders – particularly the natural resilience and knowledge of our people who over hundreds of years developed traditional coping mechanisms to face natural disasters. We realised that the National Disaster Management Office needed better resourcing and operational frameworks – human, legal, policy, technical and budgetary – so that this office is more strongly positioned to carry out its critically important coordination role. As the world’s most vulnerable nation to natural disasters, we must ensure we are better prepared for future emergencies.
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Honourable Minister Ham LINI VANUAROROA, MCCA
It is with pleasure that I hereby present the 2016 to 2018 Corporate Plan for the Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation (MCCA), Meteorology & Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and National Disaster Management Office.
As the first Minister for the new Ministry when it was created in late 2013, it is with considerable pleasure that I read our new Corporate Plan. As a young Ministry, we have come a long way but we still have so much to do to achieve our Mission and Vision to support Government planning priorities and strategies as defined by the recently approved National Sustainable Development Plan 2016 - 2030.
A Corporate Plan is like a Road Map guiding a traveller along difficult pathways towards a far away and unfamiliar destination. To guide our journey, this Plan provides clear objectives, activities, identifies funding needs, human resources and indicators to track and report both achievements and issues needing resolution.
I look forward to actively support and progress the strategies in the MCCA Corporate Plan.
Introduction by DG Jesse Benjamin, MCCA
The Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation (MCCA) Meteorology and Geo- Hazards, Energy Environment and the National Disasters Management is relatively new. The Council of Ministers (COM number 18/2013), strongly supported the re-alignment of Departments from other Ministries in a new organisation. An examination of the Departments comprising the Ministry makes the purpose of this strategic amalgamation clear – bringing together the key government of Vanuatu agencies with responsibilities for environmental, Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction issues.
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Climate Adaptation Methodology for Protected Areas (CAMPA) Coastal and Marine is designed to build the resilience of protected areas and associated ecosystems based on a thorough understanding of their vulnerability to climate change and a participatory agreement on the best ways to respond to these threats. With minor adjustments the methodology could be adapted to terrestrial and freshwater protected areas.
CAMPA does two main things:
• It provides practical and scientifically sound guidance to facilitate climate change vulnerability assessments of coastal and marine protected areas (CMPAs).
• Based on an understanding of that vulnerability, it then facilitates decisionmaking on the most appropriate adaptation actions.
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The Monitoring Indicators Survey, developed with Intercluster guidance, engages real-time national data collection from the ground up through the even targeting of mobile users located throughout Vanuatu. The purpose of the Monitoring Indicators is to identify thematic hotspots and to track changes any over time.
Hotspots are determined based on the percentage of respondents, which is approximately 20 per area. Low numbers (1-3 respondents) can create high percentages from one response, and are therefore highlighted. Areas of most interest are hotspots identified as red, orange or yellow due to the higher percentages of respondents citing difficulties or challenges. It is recommended that further sectoral analyses are directed toward hotspots of interest to determine causation or identify relevant cross sectoral correlations. In the table below, hotspots are approximated geographically into North, East, South, West and Central. In the accompanying maps, hotspots are visible by Island and Area Council.
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This poster highlights the benefits for small island-based tourism businesses in Vanuatu to utilize renewable energy. It is jointly prepared by the Department of Tourism, the Department of Energy & GIZ.
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As part of the preparedness towards any forthcoming disasters and continuous monitoring of the agricultural sector, the RRU in collaboration with FAO and DARD have established an early warning early action system that is run by the Risk and Resilience Unit (RRU) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries and Biosecurity (MALFFB) to the agricultural extension officers. The department of agriculture has a total of 45 extension officers that are based on all of the 6 provinces covering almost all the area councils of every island. The early warning early action system is mainly setup as a system monitoring the growth of main carbohydrate crops, vegetables and fruits and also the additional information’s from the officers on any other crops or just any unusual on the agriculture. This report serves to show what is collected from the extension officers and provincial agricultural officers during the seventh round of phone calls and show that if there is a spike in the data, then there would be need of further investigation.
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Comparing to the October Food Security PDM there was an increase percentage of respondent have said "Yes" they have gone to sleep at night hungry because there was no food. –referring to question 8 and 9
In addition a question was asked around if women who are pregnant or breast feeding have to go to bed without food because there is not enough food. There was an increase total 0f 60% respondents who have said "Yes". –referring to question 10
Findings: Comments around how they access food:
"Families in Vila send Rice but they still eat sugar banana"
"When no ash, we have cabbage and root crops but for a very small time"
"As a widow, I find it challenging so I weave mats and baskets to sell and pay for food"
"We trade with fish for root crops and coconut for greens and vegetables"
"Harvest banana that is not ready"
"Share small food with others" "Pay for food in the market"
Findings on what they eat: 22% of the respondent mention that they eat sugar banana and coconut including Nabalango (an eatable leaf they chew with coconut and salt) leaf and its fruit. Few mentions about drinking more water and eating mushrooms.
However, 86% of comments collected from the 122 respondent mentioned food shortages – many mention volcanic ash as the main contributing factors to food shortage while few mention El Nino and TC Pam that makes it worst. A total of 33% requested for food assistance.
Recommendation comment:
"We really need help to sustain our Food Security"
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